PROF. MARLYN P.

BUENDIA
Lesson 1
GOVERNANCE
Introduction
GOVERNMENT VS GOVERNANCE

In most dictionaries

government and governance

are interchangeably used, both
denoting the exercise of authority
in an organization, institution or
state.
GOVERNMENT VS GOVERNANCE
Government: the office, authority or function of
governing. Governing means having control or
rule over oneself. Government is the name given
to the entity exercising that authority.

Authority can most simply define as legitimate

power. Whereas power is the ability to influence the
behavior of others, authority is the right to do so.

Authority is therefore the based on an

acknowledged duty to obey rather than on any form of
coercion or manipulation.
GOVERNMENT VS GOVERNANCE

The Institute on Governance defines

governance as the process whereby
societies or organizations make their
important decisions, determine who has
voice, who is engaged in the process and
how account is rendered. (IOG, 2006)
GOVERNMENT VS GOVERNANCE
GOVERNANCE KEY ACTORS
GOVERNMENT VS GOVERNANCE
These multiple actors are the
organization's stakeholders. They
articulate their interests; STAKEHOLDERS
influence how decisions are
made, who the decision-makers
are and what decisions are taken. INPUT OUTPUT/
Decision-makers must absorb this ACCOUNTABILITY

input into the decision-making

process. Decision-makers are then DECISION
accountable to those same MAKING
stakeholders for the organization's
output and the process of
producing it.
STAKEHOLDERS IN GOVERNANCE
Lesson 2
GOVERNANCE &
SUSTAINABLE HUMAN
DEVELOPMENT
GOOD GOVERNANCE

The challenge for all societies is to

create a system of governance that
promotes supports and sustains
human development - especially
for the poorest and most marginal.
GOOD GOVERNANCE

Good governance is, among other things,

participatory, transparent and accountable. It is
also effective and equitable. And it promotes
the rule of law.
Good governance ensures that political,
social and economic priorities are based on
broad consensus in society and that the
voices of the poorest and the most
vulnerable are heard in decision-making over
the allocation of development resources.
GOVERNANCE LEGS
Economic governance includes decision-making
processes that affect a country's economic activities and
its relationships with other economies. It clearly has
ECONOMIC major implications for equity, poverty and quality of life.

Political governance is the process of decision-making to

formulate policy.
POLITICAL

Administrative governance is the system of policy

implementation.
ADMINISTRATIVE
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Human development as expanding the choices for all
people in society. This means that men and women -
particularly the poor and vulnerable - are at the center
of the development process.
It also means "protection of the life opportunities of
future generations...and...the natural systems on
which all life depends" -(UNDP, Human Development
Report 1996).

This makes the central purpose of development the

creation of an enabling environment in which all can
enjoy long, healthy and creative lives.
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Economic growth is a means to sustainable
human development - not an end in itself.
Human Development Report 1996 showed that
economic growth does not automatically lead
to sustainable human development and the
elimination of poverty.
For example, countries that do well when
ranked by per capita income often slip down
the ladder when ranked by the human
development index.
5 ASPECTS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
Empowerment - The expansion of men and women's
capabilities and choices increases their ability to
exercise those choices free of hunger, want and
deprivation. It also increases their opportunity to
participate in, or endorse, decision-making affecting
their lives

Co-operation - With a sense of belonging important

for personal fulfillment, wellbeing and a sense of
purpose and meaning, human development is
concerned with the ways in which people work
together and interact.
5 ASPECTS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Equity - The expansion of capabilities and

opportunities means more than income - it also
means equity, such as an educational system to
which everybody should have access.

Sustainability - The needs of this generation

must be met without compromising the right of
future generations to be free of poverty and
deprivation and to exercise their basic
capabilities.
5 ASPECTS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

Security - Particularly the security of livelihood.

People need to be freed from threats, such as
disease or repression and from sudden harmful
disruptions in their lives.

Source: Governance for Sustainable Human Development (1997)

A UNDP Policy Document United Nations Development Programme
Internet Source: http://magnet.undp.org/policy/
5 ASPECTS OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

The United Nations Development Programme

(UNDP) focuses on four critical elements of
sustainable human development:
eliminating poverty,
creating jobs and sustaining livelihoods,
protecting and regenerating the
environment,
and promoting the advancement of men.

Developing the capacities for good governance

underpins all these objectives.
Prepare for a short quiz next meeting
ASSIGNMENT:

The Key Actors in Governance

1. Identify the different actors in governance
(State/Public Sector, Private/Business Sector
and Civil Society);

2. Explain the role of each player in the

governance process;

3. Discuss some of the best practices in the

governance of partnerships. Give specific example.