Group 2

1. Andi Zakarias Dodo 5. Neno Hariadi

2. Dede Cinchea A. B 6. Ni Made
3. Incercersia Riangka M 7. Treunike Dessy P
4. Jenny Anggraeni

Faculty of Member Suaka Insan

 Gastritis
• Gastritis is inflammation of the gastric
mucosa (Mansjoer Arif, 1999)
• Gastritis is an inflammation localized or
spread of the gastric mucosa and bacteria thrive
fulfilled (Charlene. J, 2001)
• So gastritis is a surface inflammation with
acute gastric mucosal erosion damage.
Continue..
Gastritis is divided into two, namely:
• Acute gastritis
• Chronic gastritis
 Etiologi
1. Acute gastritis : The cause is analgesics, anti-
inflammatory, especially aspirin (low-dose
aspirin who already lead to erosion of the
gastric mucosa).
2. Chronic gastritis : The cause and pathogenesis
in general not known. Gastritis is a regular
occurrence in the elderly, but the suspect on
alcohol consumption, and smoking.
 Another cause is diet careless, eating foods
that are too spicy or contain microorganisms,
and Stress psychological
 Clinical manifestations
1. Epigastrium is sore
2. Nausea
3. Bloating
4. Vomiting
5. Haematemesis
6. Anorexia
7. Melena
 Medical Management
• Treatment of gastritis include (Soeparman,
1999)
1. Cope with medical emergencies occur.
2. Overcome or avoid if the cause can be
found.
3. Administration of drugs antacids or
medications other gastric ulcers.
 Diagnostic Test
• Endoscopy
• EGD (Esofagogastriduodenoskopi
• barium x-rays
 Complication
a. Complications arise on Acute Gastritis, namely the
upper gastrointestinal tract bleeding (SCBA) in the form
hemotemesis and melena, ended with a hemorrhagic
syock, ulceration, when the process is a great and rare
perforation.
b. Complications arise with Chronic Gastritis, which
impaired absorption of vitamin B 12, due to lack of
perception B 12 pernesiosa cause anemia, impaired iron
absorption and narrowing the area antrum pylorus
c. Peptic ulcer.
 Nursing Assessment
1. Basic checks :
a. Client identity
b. Current medical history
c. Past medical history
d. Family medical history
e. Psychosocial history
f. The pattern of daily habits
 Continue..
2. Physical examination
3. Diagnostic test
 Diagnostic examinations
According doengoes, 2000 nursing diagnoses in
clients with gastritis are:
1. Disorders of fluid balance is less than the body
needs less related to the intake and excessive
spending.
2. Disorders feeling comfortable: pain associated
with gastric mucosal irritation.
 Diagnostic examinations
3. Disruption fulfillment nutrition less than body
requirements related to anorexia.
4. Personal disorders hygiene, hair, dirty skin
related to physical weakness.
5. The lack of knowledge about the disease
associated with lack of information.
 Nursing Planning
1. Disorders of fluid balance is less than the body needs
less related to the intake and excessive spending :
a. Observation of vital signs.
b. Examine the skin turgor
c. Record fluid intake and output
d. Maintain and improve oral intake within their
tolerance.
e. Avoid acidic liquid that can increase stomach acid.
f. Collaboration preformance giving antiemetics
2. Disorders feeling comfortable: pain associated
with gastric mucosal irritation :

a. Observation of vital signs

b. Note the location, duration, intensity of pain.
c. Warm compresses on the area of pain.
d. Give a comfortable position
e. Teach pain management techniques
f. Collaboration in providing analgesic
 3. Disruption fulfillment nutrition less than
body requirements related to anorexia
a. Examine the causes of the client no appetite
b. Provide warm food in small portions but often.
c. Avoid feeding may stimulate an increase in
stomach acid.
d. Avoid smells penetrating from the environment
e. Collaboration with physicians dallam
administration of antiemetics and antibiotics.
f. Collaboration physician nutritionist
4. Personal disorders hygiene, hair, dirty
skin related to physical weakness
a. Self-care push
b. Take care clients help themselves
c. Assess the ability of clients to meet their
personal hygiene.
d. Involve family and clients in bathing.
e. Use special equipment as needed such as
towels and clothes.
5. The lack of knowledge about the disease
associated with lack of information.

a. Give health education about the disease.

b. Give the client a chance to ask who wants
known to be associated with the disease.
c. Give the client a chance to reiterate the
explanation given nurse.
d. Do the evaluation.
 Evaluation
1. Intake of clients are met
2. Pain is resolved
3. Nutritional needs are met
4. Client personal hygiene are met.
5. Clients understand about the disease.
 Health Education
 Eat small meals but often.
 If the patient feels hungry, do not immediately
drink - beverages containing caffeine such as tea,
but it was replaced by warm water.
 If the ulcer recurrence as a late meal, do not start
eating - heavy foods like rice, but replaced with
snacks such as crackers.
 Eat right, avoid eating - food that can irritate the
food especially the spicy and sour
 Eating with sufficient quantities, on time and do
relax.
 Continue..
 Chew food until completely - completely pulverized.
 Drink plenty of water can be replaced with a drink or
ionic.
 Take medications as recommended by your doctor.
 Maintain the cleanliness of the environment as a tool - a
tool to eat, sleep, etc.
 Avoid drinking alcohol, because alcohol can irritate and
erode the mucous lining of the stomach and can cause
inflammation and bleeding.
 Avoid smoking, as it can affect the protective lining of
the stomach
 Reference
Mansjoer, Arif, 1999, Capita Selecta Medicine, 3rd
edition, Volume I, Faculty of Medicine, Jakarta.

Doengoes, Marylin E, 1999, the Nursing Care Plans,

EGC, Jakarta.

Carpenito, Lynda Juall. 2000, Nursing Diagnosis

Handbook, 8th edition, Jakarta: Book Medical
Publishers, EGC.
Thanks and any question???