INDUSTRIAL TRAINING

REPORT
(SIX WEEKS)
AT

SWARAJ TRACTOR DIVISION

( PHASE-4,MOHALI )
INTRODUCTION TO THE SWARAJ
 Organization:- Established on 27th of June 1970.
 Location:- The factory is located at Sahibzada Ajit
Singh Nagar, an important industrial town in Punjab, 5 km
from Chandigarh.

 Growth:- PTL started with an annual capacity of 5000

tractors with a capital of Rs.37 millions.
• PTL consist of three divisions:
• Swaraj Tractor Division (STD), Mohali.
• Swaraj Foundry Division (SFD) ,Mazri.
• Swaraj Combine Division (SCD), Chapparcheri.CHAPPAR
• Swaraj Tractor Division:-
 Construction Work – March 1972
 Commercial production – April 1974
• Swaraj R&D Unit:- 1.research of
new models of tractor.

2.modification in old models is being

done.
 The Various Processes Occurs Under SWARAJ
TRACTOR DIVISION Are As Under:-

• Light Machine Shop

• Heavy Machine Shop
• Assembly Shop
• Paint Shop
• Tool Room
• Heat Treatment
• R & D Deptt.
 LMS SHOP
 INTRODUCTION:- 1.All shafts , gears,
bushes which are used in tractors are
manufactured here.
2.Most of machines are of HMT( for gear
shaver) and GERMAN (for bevel gear)
 Machines used in LMS:-
1.Planer machine
2.Hand Lathe
3.Universal Milling Machine
4.Grinding Machine
5.Hydraulic Press
6.Bevel Generator
7.CNC Machines
Manufacturing Operations:-

Facing
Under cutting

Chamfering

Finish turning

Grooving

Knurling

Broaching

Drilling

Boring

Grinding

Hobbing

Shaping
 Component Machined in Shop:

1) Bull pinion shaft (L&R)

2) Bull pinion (L&R)
3) Gears
4) Idler cluster
5) Input shaft
6) Intermediate shaft
7) Lay shaft
8) Internal gears
9) Bushes
10) Cage assy (L&R)
11) Cross & etc
 HEAVY MACHINE SHOP
 Introduction:-All heavy casting of tractor machined in this
shop.
• The major operation carried out are milling , boring , tapping ,
champhering, finishing etc.
 Types of machine :
 radial drilling machine
 Hergebret machine
 Vertical milling machine
 Horizontal milling machine
 Simplex milling machine
 Duplex milling machine
 Lathe
 Double end boring machine
 Automatic lathe
 SPM (special purpose machine)
 List of major component machined in
H.M.S:-

 Differential housing
 Gear box
 Trumpet housing
 Rear axle
 PAINT SHOP
The paint shop can be classified into following sections:-

1) CHASSIS PAINTING AREA

2) PRE TREATMENT AREA
3) JOIST PAINTING AREA
4) FINAL PAINTING AREA
 ASSEMBLY SHOP
 ASSEMBLY:
The process of joining various constituents to form a
final product.
 Assembly of the tractor is divided in to two sections:
• Before paint assembly shop
• After paint assembly shop
 Before Paint Assembly Shop:
This shop is further divided into five loops namely:
a) Differential loop
b) Engine loop
c) Hydraulic rear cover loop
d) Gearbox loop
e) Engine coupling loop
 DIFFERENTIAL LOOP:
 Function:-
 When the wheels are driven positively by engine , a device is
necessary which make the wheels move at different speed on
turns and equal speed on straight path.
 To accomplished this purpose a system of gear called “
Differential System “ is provided.

differential has the following two function:-

1. On st.traveling path it allows both the rear wheels of tractor to
get equal power.
2. On turns, it allows the inner wheel to move slower than the
outer wheels.
the assembly of the differential system is done the following
manner:
1. Differential casting
2. The cage assembly is done which includes:
Crown wheel, Tail pinion assembly, Roller bearing, bevel wheels , cross ,
bevel pinions.
3. BP shaft Left & Right.
4. Meshing of crown wheel and tail pinion.
5. Weight test.
6. PTO shaft.
7. Rear axle/trumpet tube.
8. PTO shifter assembly.
9. Gear box .
10. Rear cover .
11. Disc brakes.
12. Trailer hook.
13. Angel bracket.
14. Rocker link.
15. footboard
16. Clutch pedal.
 GEAR BOX
The power transmission is done to the wheels with the help of
following important parts:
• Clutch
• Gear box
• Differential
• Rear axles

 So Gear box is a power transmitting part of vehicles .

 Pulling power can be or
 Convert forward motion into reverse motion.
 Convert power of engine running at high speed into low
speed at high torque (for starting).
 Disconnect engine from rear wheels.
 Working principle:
Horse power H.P.=k*T*N
where, k= const. , T= torque , N= rotational speed
 Gear Box Types:
o Selective gearbox:
a) sliding mesh
b) constant mesh
c) synchronous type
o Planetary gear transmission
o Automatic gearbox
 Gear Box Assembly:
1. Gear box housing
2. Lay & intermediate shaft are assembled
3. Idler cluster
4. Drive shaft & input shaft assembled
5. Output shaft assembled
6. Shifter lock , shifter rod
7. Shifter forks
8. Planet gear & carrier (hi-low mech.)
9. Locking washers
10. Steering mechanism
 REAR COVER
 Rear cover is mounted on the differential assembly & perform
various other operations.
Layout of Rear cover Assembly

Rear cover Cylinder Control valve

casting assembly assembly

Response
Valve
Testing of rear cover for any leakage Assembly &
Sensor tube
attached
 Rear Cover Assembly :-
1. Rear cover casting
2. Rocker shaft
3. The cylinder, rocker arm, connecting rod fitted
4. Bracket & levers
5. The response & control valve
6. Sensor tube
7. Testing
 DISMOUNTING STAGE
The Dismounting Stage is divided into 5 stages:

Stage 1:- Alternator, horn, brake rod, brake switch connection,

fan belt.

Stage 2:- Speedometer wire, rear frame, fuel tank, overflow

pipe, felt pad.

Stage 3:- Fan, radiator, hose pipe, dash board & its cover,
number plate.

Stage 4:- Battery, steering wheel, head light, clutch connection,

knob & cover, hook & slide panel, sealing.

Stage 5:- Seat, sheet metal covers, tyre fixing, battery cover,
engine oil pouring & greasing, stickers.
THANK YOU