Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Leadership is….
Leadership is….
It is a compound of 4 major ingredients:
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Leadership Traits
5
Leadership Theories
Philosophical Background:
Theories X, Y, and Z
A manager who believes
Theory
Theory XX Manager
Manager that people are basically
lazy and that coercion and
threats of punishment often
are necessary to get them
to work.
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Leadership Theories
Philosophical Background:
Theories X, Y, and Z
A manager who believes
Theory
Theory XX Manager
Manager that under the right
conditions people not only
Theory
Theory YY Manager
Manager will work hard but will seek
increased responsibility and
challenge.
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Leadership Theories
Philosophical Background:
Theories X, Y, and Z
A manager who believes
Theory
Theory XX Manager
Manager that workers seek
opportunities to participate
Theory
Theory YY Manager
Manager in management and are
motivated by teamwork and
responsibility sharing.
Theory
Theory ZZ Manager
Manager
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Leadership Theories
Leadership Behaviors
and Styles
The use of work-centered
Authoritarian
Authoritarian behavior designed to ensure
Leadership
Leadership task accomplishment.
The use of work-centered
Paternalistic
Paternalistic behavior coupled with a
Leadership
Leadership protective employee centered
concern.
The use of both work- or task-
Participative
Participative centered and people centered
Leadership
Leadership approaches to leading
subordinates.
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Leader–Subordinate Interactions
Authoritarian Leader
Leader–Subordinate Interactions
Paternalistic Leader
Leader–Subordinate Interactions
Participative Leader
Capacity
Capacity for
for Leadership
Leadership Does the leader believe that employees
and prefer to be directed and have little
and Initiative
Initiative
ambition? (Theory X)
OR
Does the leader believe that characteristics
such as initiative can be acquired by most
people regardless of their inborn traits and
abilities? (Theory Y)
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Capacity
Capacity for
for Leadership
Leadership Does the leader believe that detailed,
and complete instructions should be given to
and Initiative
Initiative
subordinates and that subordinates need only
Sharing
Sharing Information
Information this information to do their jobs?
and
and Objectives
Objectives OR
Does the leader believe that general
directions are sufficient and that
subordinates can use their initiative in
working out the details?
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Capacity
Capacity for
for Leadership
Leadership Does the leader support participative
and leadership practices?
and Initiative
Initiative
Sharing
Sharing Information
Information
and
and Objectives
Objectives
Participation
Participation
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Capacity
Capacity for
for Leadership
Leadership Does the leader believe that the most
and effective way to control employees is
and Initiative
Initiative
through rewards and punishment?
Sharing
Sharing Information
Information OR
and
and Objectives
Objectives
Does the leader believe that employees
Participation respond best to internally generated control?
Participation
Internal
Internal Control
Control
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Japanese Leadership
Approaches
Japan is well known for its paternalistic approach to leadership
Mother Teresa
Abraham Lincoln
Mikhail Gorbachev
Adolf Hitler
Barack Obama
Bill Gates
Steve Jobs
34
Mikhail Gorbachev
Russian Leader
A farmer’s son born on 2nd March 1931
Brave, Firm, Unparallel intelligence
Gave freedom to people, reduced fear from
people’s mind
Go-getter
Had knack of using his obstacles as his
weapon to fight
Self confident, Noble Peace prize winner
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Abraham Lincoln
American President
Born on 12th Feb 1809 to a poor
family in a hut
Humble, ambitious, kind hearted yet
strong minded
Hardworking, intelligent
Saved U.S.A. from self destruction
Demolished Slavery from U.S.A.
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Mother Teresa
Real name- Agnesë Gonxhe
Bojaxhiu, was an Albanian
Roman Catholic nun with Indian
citizenship
Born on 26th Aug 1910
Leader through actions
Devoted to well being of people
Knack of communicating &
understanding people
Strong determination, selfless
worker
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Barack Obama
44th American President
Born on 4th Aug 1961
First Black president of U.S.A
Courage to ‘dream big’
Good Orator
Charismatic
Bold, value- based
“Change”- is his motto.
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Bill Gates
Founder, Ex CEO of Microsoft
Philanthropist
Enthusiastic, visionary,
hardworking
Determined, passionate about
work, intelligent, consolidator
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Steve Jobs
CEO of Apple
Awarded as ‘Best Leader of
2005’ by Business Week
Visionary, decisive, trail blazer
Creator, very demanding of his
employees
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Adolf Hitler
Austrian born German
politician & leader.
Born on 20th April 1889
He was the ruler of Germany
from 1933 to 1945
Charismatic, strong willed,
Patriotic, Great orator
Courageous, Dictator,
intelligent, strategist
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