WASTE HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

FROM DOMESTIC REFRIGERATOR

PROJECT INCHARGE
BY: GROUP-II
Er. Arpit Srivastava FINAL YEAR
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT
UIET CSJM University U.I.E.T C.S.J.M UNIVERSITY
Kanpur KANPUR
 CONTENTS
 Introduction

 Different recovery systems

 System Description

 Design of Heat Exchanger

 Design Of Oven

 Fabrication And Assembly Works

 Results

 Conclusion
 INTRODUCTION

• In domestic refrigerator a
part of heat gets wasted out
from condenser

• Wasted heat can be utilized

• system is technically
feasible and economically
viable

Fig 1
DIFFERENT HEAT RECOVERY SYSTEM

• HRSG in gas power plant or turbine

• HVAC in steam power plant

• WHRS in refrigeration plant

 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
• Tested a WHRS and experimented to recover
condensation heat from domestic refrigerator
of 165 liter.

• By suitably retrofitting the WHRS in the unit ,

considerable waste heat is recovered.

• This heat is utilized for different purposes

 SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

•SECTION “A”- HEAT

EXCHANGER.

•SECTION “B”- OVEN.

•SECTION “C”- PIPE

Fig 2
 HEAT EXCHANGER
 A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between
one or more fluids. The fluids may be separated by a solid
wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct contact.

 They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air

conditioning, power stations, chemical plants,
petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural-gas
processing, and sewage treatment.

Fig 3
 CLASSIFICATION OF HEAT
EXCHANGER
 Classification-
On the basis of flow

(a) Parallel flow (b) Counter flow

Fig 4
 Heat exchanger analysis
Log mean temperature difference (LMTD)
LMTD for Heat exchanger.
 WHY COUNTER FLOW IN WHRS?
The counter-flow heat exchanger has three significant advantages over the
parallel flow design:-

 The more uniform temperature difference between the two fluids

minimizes the thermal stresses throughout the exchanger.

 The outlet temperature of the cold fluid can approach the highest
temperature of the hot fluid.

 The more uniform temperature difference produces a more uniform rate of

heat transfer throughout the heat exchanger.
 DESIGN OF HEAT EXCHANGER

Applying heat transfer equation

heat transfer(1-2)= heat transfer(1-3)

𝑟2 𝑟3
45 − 40 ln ln
𝑟1 𝑟2 +(1/(ℎ𝑎𝑖𝑟 2𝜋𝑟3 𝑙)])
𝑟2 = ((45 − 30)/[ 2𝜋𝑘𝑟𝑒𝑓 𝑙 +
2𝜋𝑘𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑐𝑜𝑙 ∗ 𝑙
ln 𝑟
1
2𝜋𝑘𝑟𝑒𝑓 𝑙
Putting all known values , we get;
𝑟2 6 0.5
ln[2.5× 𝑟 ×𝑒 0.4 ]
2
3= 𝑟2
ln(2.5 )

Now calculating the value of r2 by hit and trial method:-

r2 LHS RHS

2.8 3 7.22
3 3 4.775
3.2 3 3.65
3.3 3 3.33
3.4 3 3.033
So r2=3.4mm
For Refrigerator of 165 liters capacity, given data from Kirloskar
Ltd manual follows- [1]

Refrigerator cooling capacity (amount of refrigeration produced

or heat extracted in refrigerator) =76 kcal/hr
= 76×4.187×1000×3600
= 88.392 W
Power required running the compressor (work done on
refrigerant) =
1/2 HP = 1/2×746 =373 W

Qcondensor = QEVOPORATOR + W COMPRESSOR

=88.392+373
=461.392Watt
Assume efficiency of heat exchanger is 70%
So heat absorb by heat exchanger =QA
𝑄𝐴
𝜂=
𝑄𝐶𝑂𝑁𝐷𝐸𝑁𝐶𝐸𝑅

𝑄𝐴
0.7=
461.392

QA=322.97 Watt
So heat receive by pipe through condenser is 322.97 watt.
 WHY OVEN?
• COMPLIMENT OF REFRIGERATOR
• LESS POWER REQUIRED
• ECONOMICALLY VIABLE

Fig 5
 Principle
• The transient respond of the body can be determine
by relating its rate of change of internal energy with
convection exchange at the surface
• Initially transient condition
• Later Steady state

• Heat transfer through convection

[5]
Fig 6
 Energy Supply
• Oven use low grade energy to work
• It use the waste heat, which is release to
atmosphere
• The refrigerant circulates through tubes
("refrigerant lines") that travel throughout the
oven.
• This circulated refrigerant dissipate heat to the
air inside oven
 CONCEPTS & DESIGN
• Since the temperature of air inside oven varies with time
t initially
𝑻𝒕 − 𝑻𝒐 −𝒉𝑨𝒔 𝒕
= 𝒆 𝝆𝑽𝑪
𝑻𝒊 − 𝑻𝒐
−𝒉𝑨𝒔 𝒕
− 𝒉𝑨𝒔
𝐐(𝐭) = 𝐡𝐀(𝐓𝒕 − 𝐓𝐨)[ 𝒆 𝝆𝑽𝑪 ]
𝒑𝑽𝑪
𝑄 = 96981 joules
T = 300 seconds
L = 0.6 meters
 FABRICATION AND ASSEMBLY
• Parts of domestic refrigerator are as follows-

 Compressor
 Modified Air cooled Condenser
 Capillary Tube
 Plate type Evaporator
 Parallel type heat exchanger
 Insulated pipe
 Insulated Cabin
 Refrigerant used
[4]
Fabrication of Insulated Cabin
5.2.1 Material Used: Galvanized Iron Sheet
5.2.2 Process used - Sheet metal forming.

Fig 7
 Fabrication of Cabin
• Inner box and outer box of insulated cabin are made
up of Galvanized iron sheet. After defining
dimensions, sheet metal working is performed. The
cabin is painted by silver color.
• Insulation material- here thermo Cole is used for
insulation purpose and it is of 3.5cm thickness.
• After forming all parts of cabin
it is assembled in well manner
as shown in
Fig 8
 REFRIGERANT R134a
Ecofriendly.
Easily available.
Cheap in cost.
Improved cooling properties.
Easy to inject in tube.
 RESULTS
• The main aim is to use waste heat for domestic
purposes.

• Waste heat from condenser is utilised.

• All above analysis results in utilisation of waste

heat.

• COP of refrigerator is also increased.

• Actual COP of refrigerator

COPactual = 0.948

• Improved COP of refrigerator

COPimproved= 0.98

• Improvement in COP

0.98−0.948
= x100
0.948

= 3.3%

COP improved varies than the actual calculated because of following errors.

1. Heat outleak while opening or closing the door cannot be exactly evaluated.
2. Actual COP is different than the value taken because the refrigerator is old.
3. Air may leak in or out because of old gasket.
 CONCLUSION
 Suitable heat recovery system can be designed and developed
for every household refrigerator.

 The experimentation has shown that such a system is practically

feasible.

 Technical analysis has shown that it is economically viable.

 If this can be started from individual level then it can sum up

and enormous effect can be obtained. Thus with small addition
in cost if we recover and reuse the waste heat, then definitely we
can progress towards energy conservation and simultaneously
achieve our day today function.

 In present situation where everybody in a home is moving out,

this combination of refrigerator and food warmer is
definitely a boom to efficient
house wife.
 REFERANCES
• [1] S.C.Kaushik, M.Singh., Feasibility and Design studies for heat recovery
from a refrigeration system with a Canopus heat exchanger, Heat Recovery
Systems & CHP, Vol.15(1995)665673.

• [2] P.Sathiamurthi, PSS.Srinivasan, Studies on waste heat recovery and

utilization. Globally competitive eco-friendly technologies engineering
National conference, (2005)39.

• [3] P.Sathiamurthi, PSS.Srinivasan “Design and Development of Waste

Heat Recovery System for air Conditioning Unit, European Journal of
Scientific Research,Vol.54 No.1 (2011), pp.102-110

• [4] C.P. Arora, Refrigeration and Air conditioning PHI Publications, 2010.

• [5] Er.R.K.Rajput, Heat and Mass Transfer, 4e McGraw Hill Publication

2012

• [6] Design and Development of Waste Heat of domestic refrigerator

• [7] Frank P. Incropera and David P. Dewitt, Fundamentals of heat and Mass
Transfer 5e, Wiley India edition, 2008.