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10001 (2.5 / 6)
4
1. 77 10 m /s
EXAMPLE 4.2 (page 385)
• The flow rate of methanol at 20°C (ρ =788.4 kg/m3 and µ = 5.857 ×
10-4 kg/m · s) through a 4-cm-diameter pipe is to be measured with
a 3-cm-diameter orifice meter equipped with a mercury
manometer across the orifice place. If the differential height of the
manometer is read to be 11 cm, determine the flow rate of
methanol through the pipe and the average flow velocity. Use first
guess value for discharge coefficient, Cd = 0.61. and do iteration
until flowrate achieve convergence.
(from experiment, Cd = 0.5959 + 0.0312β2.1 - 0.184β8 + 91.71β2.5/Re0.75)
At first, use guess value for Cd (any value range from 0.1-1) because
can’t use experiment formula as it requires Reynolds Number, Re
and Re require velocity of flow which is not available.
2( M B ) gh
Cd AOVO Cd AO
B 1 4
2(13600 788.4)(9.81)(0.11)
0.61( (0.03) 2 / 4) 3 3
788.41 (3 / 4)
4
3.09 10 m /s
EXAMPLE 4.2 (cont’)
Then, check Cd value using experiment formula. (How?-calculate Re
using volume flowrate and apply to the experiment formula)
Re = VD 4 D 2 D 4 D
= 4(3.09×10-3)(788.4)/(π×5.857×10-4×0.04) = 1.32×105
Cd,new = 0.5959 + 0.0312β2.1 - 0.184β8 + 91.71 β2.5/Re0.75 = 0.601
If the guess value is approximate to the new value from the experiment
formula, caculate new flowrate and stop iteration.
Cd,guess (0.61) ≈ Cd,new(0.601)
2( M B ) gh
Cd AOVO Cd AO Final answer,
B 1 4 further iteration will yields almost similar result
2(13600 788.4)(9.81)(0.11)
0.601( (0.03) 2 / 4) 3 3
788.41 (3 / 4)
4
3.04 10 m /s
4.3 – Others type
of flowmeter
• Self learning (read from the referrence book)-
might be asked in quiz, test, final exams, etc..
THE END
(Chapter 4)