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Chemical Equations
formula equation-
Fe3(PO4)2 + Al(NO3)3 Fe(NO3)2 + AlPO4
yields
(s) solid
(l) liquid
(aq) aqueous
(g) gas
Diatomic Elements
• There are seven common elements that are called
the “diatomic elements”. Whenever they are pure
elements and appear alone (NOT in a compound) in
an equation, their symbol contains two atoms rather
than one. They include:
A + X AX
AX A + X
A + BX AX + B
AX + BY AY + BX
A + O2 AO + fire
Decomposition AX A + X
Single Displacement A + BX AX + B
Double Replacement AX + BY AY + BX
Combustion A + O2 AO + fire
QUIZ #2- Balance the following formula equations then identify
the reaction type.
__Na + __Br2 __NaBr
reaction type=
__Fe2O3 __Fe + __O2
reaction type=
__CuI + __F2 __CuF + __I2
reaction type=
__FeSO4 + __Ca3(PO4)2 __Fe3(PO4)2 + __CaSO4
reaction type=
__C4H8 + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O (fire)
reaction type=
QUIZ #2- Balance the following formula equations then identify the reaction type.
__Na + __Br2 __NaBr
2 Na + Br2 2 NaBr
synthesis (composition)
__Fe2O3 __Fe + __O2
2 Fe2O3 4 Fe + 3 O2
decomposition
__CuI + __F2 __CuF + __I2
2 CuI + F2 2 CuF + I2
single replacement (single displacement)
__FeSO4 + __Ca3(PO4)2 __Fe3(PO4)2 + __CaSO4
3 FeSO4 + Ca3(PO4)2 Fe3(PO4)2 + 3 CaSO4
double replacement (double displacement)
__C4H8 + __O2 __CO2 + __H2O (fire)
C4H8 + 6 O2 4 CO2 + 4 H2O (fire)
combustion
Types of Chemical Reactions
A + X AX
Journal Investigation- Synthesis Reaction
AX A + X
Lab Investigation- Decomposition Reaction
1) Get a test tube with 5 – 10 mL of fresh hydrogen
peroxide (H2O2) from the rack in the front of the room.
2) Add a match-head size amount of manganese dioxide
(MnO2) to the test tube to act as a catalyst (a substance
that speeds up a reaction without becoming part of it).
3) Observe the hydrogen peroxide for signs of a chemical
reaction.
4) While the reaction is still taking place, set the end of a
wooden splint on fire then blow it out.
5) While the splint is still glowing, lower it into the top of
the test tube without touching the liquid. Observe the
result. You can repeat this step several times until the
reaction in the test tube stops.
Lab Investigation- Decomposition Reaction
ANALYSIS
A + BX AX + B
Lab Investigation- Single Replacement Reaction
AX + BY AY + BX
Lab Investigation- Double Replacement Reaction
A + O2 AO + fire
Just for Fun- The Kandy Killer
Li
Rb React with cold water and acids,
K replacing hydrogen.
Ba React with oxygen forming oxides
Sr
Ca
Na
Activity Series of Metals
2nd most reactive set:
Mg
Al React with steam (but not cold
Mn water) and acids, replacing
Zn hydrogen. React with oxygen,
Cr forming oxides.
Fe
Cd
Activity Series of Metals
3rd most reactive set:
H2
Sb React with oxygen, forming oxides.
Bi
Cu
Hg
Activity Series of Metals
Least reactive set:
F2
Cl2
Br2
I2
Practice Problems
• Use table 3 on
page 286 of the
textbook to
answer Practice
Problems #1
through #3 on
page 287.
Practice problems page 287
1a- ____ Cr + ____H2O (l) ?
cannot occur- Cr will not react with water, only steam
b- ____Pt + ____O2 ?
cannot occur-Pt does not form oxides directly
2) K + ZnCl2
3) 2 HF + Cl2
4) 2 H2O (l) + 2 Na
5) MgBr2 + Cl2
Chemistry Chapter 8 Test
25 multiple choice questions:
definition of a precipitate
identify diatomic elements when used in chemical
equations
rules for balancing equations
identify a word equation
symbols used in equations (eg. aq)
determine coefficients needed to balance equations
identify reaction types by definition & balanced formula
equations
definitions of activity & activity series and how they are
used
Honors Chemistry Chapter 8 Test
35 multiple choice questions:
chemical reactions & law of conservation of mass
indicators of chemical reactions
definition of a precipitate and symbols used in equations
identify a word equation & a formula equation
diatomic elements & how they are written in an equation
Identify coefficients needed to balance formula equations
rules for balancing formula equations
reaction types by definition & balanced equations
identifying & predicting products of reactions
definitions of activity & activity series
use activity series to predict products formed
Honors Chemistry Chapter 8 Test
1 short answer question:
When balancing a formula equation, why must the formula
subscripts remain unchanged?
1 essay question:
Consider an equation. How does the equation violate the
law of conservation of mass? How can the equation be
rewritten to conform to the law of conservation of mass?
3 problems:
Write a balanced formula equation for a synthesis reaction
when given the reactants & product.
Use an activity series to predict if a reaction can occur. If
yes, write the balanced formula equation. (2 of these)