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ASSESSMENT AND DIAGNOSTIC

FINDINGS OF BLINDNESS
ASSESSMENT

1. History collection
a) Ocular history
b) Visual history
2. External eye examination
DIAGNOSTIC
FINDINGS
DIRECT OPTHALMOSCOPE
DIRECT OPTHALMOSCOPY
A direct opthalmoscope is a hand held
instrument with various plus and minus lenses
The examiner holds the opthalmoscope in
the right hand and uses the right eye to
examine and vice versa
It is used to examine the fundus of the eye.
INDIRECT OPTHALMOSCOPE
INDIRECT OPTHALMOSCOPE
It is the instrument commonly used by the
opthalmoscope to see the areas of retina.
It produces a bright and intense light.
The light source is affixed with a pair of
binocular lenses mounted on the examiner’s
head.
SLIT LAMP EXAMINATION
SLIT – LAMP EXAMINATION
The slit lamp is a binocular microscope mounted
on the table.
Thai instrument enables the user to examine the
eye with magnification of 10-40 times the real
image.
Cataracts may be evaluated by changing the angle
of light.
COLOUR VISION TESTING
 COLOUR VISION TESTING
 A screening test to determine the colour blindness,
colour vision test is performed.
On the paper , the dots are arranged in a simple
pattern such as numbers or the geometric shapes.
The patient is asked to identify the number or the
geometric shape.
SNELLEN’S CHART
SNELLEN’S CHART
The SNELLEN’S CHART is composed of a series
of progressively smaller rows of letters .
It is used to test the distance vision or visual
acuity.
The fraction 20/20 is considered as the standard
normal vision.
AMSLER GRID
AMSLER GRID
AMSLER grid is a test often used for the patients
with occular problems.
It consists of a geometrical grid with identical
square with a central fixation point.
The grid should be viewed by the patient by
wearing the normalglasses or reading glasses.
Each eye is tested separately.
FLOURESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY
FLOURESCEIN ANGIOGRAPHY
It is an invasive procedure.
The fluorescein dye is injected into an anticubital
vein.
Within 10-15 seconds,the dye can be seen through the
retinal vessels .
The dye may turn to yellow colour and the skin colour
may turn to yellow,this may discolourize within 24 hrs.
TONOMETRY
TONOMETRY
TONOMETRY measures IOP .
Pressure is measured in millimetres of mercury
(mmHg ).
High reading indicated high pressure mad low
reading indicates low pressure.
It is a non invasive procedure and usually painless.
EYE BANKING CENTRES
SAROJINI DEVI EYE HOSPITAL, Hyderabad
CHIRANJEEVI EYE & BLOOD BANK,
BANJARA HILLS , HYDERABAD
L V PRASAD EYE INSTITUTE, HYDERABAD.
VASAN EYE CARE , HYDERABAD.
THANK YOU !