RESEARCH PAPER AND PATENT

REVIEW

K.PAVITHRA
1851010
M.E-CSE
 EMBEDDED SYSTEM
An embedded system is a special-
purpose computer system designed to
perform certain dedicated functions. It is
usually embedded as part of a complete
device including hardware and mechanical
parts.
Embedded systems everywhere?
Embedded systems span all aspects of
modern life and there are many examples of
their use:

a) Biomedical Instrumentation – ECGRecorder, Blood

cell recorder, patient monitor system
b) Communication systems – pagers, cellular phones,
cable TV terminals, fax and transreceivers, video
games and so on.
c) Peripheral controllers of a computer – Keyboard
controller, DRAM controller, DMA controller,
Printer controller, LAN controller, disk drive
controller.
…???
d) Industrial Instrumentation – Process
controller, DC motor controller, robotic
systems, CNC machine controller, close loop
engine controller, industrial moisture
recorder and controller.

e) Scientific – digital storage system, CRT

display controller, spectrum analyzer.
Why a microcontroller ?
Normally, a single microcomputer has the
following features:
 Arithmetic and logic unit
 Memory for storing program
 EEPROM for nonvolatile data storage
 RAM for storing variables and special
function registers
 Input/output ports
 Low cost
Layered architecture of an Embedded
System
Hardware architecture of an
embedded system
 Heart Attack Detection By Heart
Beat Sensing
• This system detects high/low pulse beats
and inform if a person is about to have a
heart attack.
• It detects the heart beat level and informs
as soon as the heart beat level does not
fall within the permissible limit.
• Thus this system can be used to save life
of many people as it alerts the doctor
about the patient’s heart beat level.
 HEART BEAT
NORMAL LEVEL INCREASES
 EMERGENCY
In case of emergency a red light
indication and a buzzer sound arises
Third Eye-Ultrasonic Vibrator Glove
• It is designed to help the blind to
overcome the lack of visual sense, by
using other senses like sound and touch.
• It uses audio and vibration signals to notify
the user about upcoming hurdle.
• As the distance between glove and
obstacle decreases, frequency of both
audio and vibration signals increases.
Thus the system helps to ease the
navigation process for the person.
MODULE
 The Fire Fighter Robot
• It allows a user to control a fire fighter robot
equipped with water tank and gun remotely
wirelessly for extinguishing fires.
• The system uses an Rf remote for remote
operation along with Rf receive based
microcontroller circuit for operating the
robotic vehicle and water pump.
• The Rf based remote transfers users
commands through Rf signals which are
received by the receiver circuit. The receiver
circuit now decodes the data commands
sent.
 BLOCKERS
TRANSMITTER RECEIVER
Fire & Gas Accident Avoider
System
 If system detects a gas leakage the
system first shuts off the gas supply
(displayed using stepper motor) to avoid
more gas leakage.
 The system now also starts an exhaust
fan to suck out all the leaked gas.
The system sends information of this
event to the authorized user through an
SMS message using GSM modem.
 Now the system also has a fire sensor
to detect fires.
MODULE
CONCLUSION:
• As Embedded system is dedicated to
perform specific tasks therefore they can
be optimized to reduce the size and cost
of the product and increase the reliability
and performance.
• Thus it plays a vital role in mechanical and
industrial engineering.