AIR AND WATER QUALITY

MONITORING SYSTEM
TEAM
 SHAUN VIVIAN DSOUZA (1CR17EE065)
 SYED DASTAGIR (1CR17EE075)
 SHIVRAM (ICR17EE067)
LITERATURE REVIEW:
AIR POLLUTION MONITORING:
• Any activity involving burning things/fuels and mixing substances that
cause chemical reactions may release toxic gases in the process and some
activities like construction, mining, transportation, etc. produce large
amounts of dust which has the potential to cause air pollution.
• There are about a half billion cars on the road today. Virtually all of them
are powered by gasoline and diesel engines that burn petroleum to
release energy. Petroleum is made up of hydrocarbons (large molecules
built from hydrogen and carbon) and, in theory, burning them fully with
enough oxygen produces nothing worse than carbon dioxide and water.
• In practice, fuels are not pure hydrocarbons and engines do not burn them cleanly. As
a result, exhausts from engines contain all kinds of pollution, notably particulates
(soot of various sizes), carbon monoxide (CO), a poisonous gas), nitrogen oxides
(NOx), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and Lead (Pb) and indirectly produced
ozone. Mixing up these noxious gases together and energizing it with sunlight
produces sometimes brownish, sometimes bluish fog of pollution called smog, which
can hang over cities for many days
• Air Pollution renders air unfit for respiration by humans and animals. Air pollution
problem has been aggravated by the tremendous increase in the number of mobile
sources (motor vehicles) in urban areas. The latest available 23 data on air quality
have prompted WHO to call for greater awareness of health risks caused by air
pollution, implementation of effective air pollution mitigation policies and close
monitoring of the situation in cities worldwide.
Air Quality Index :
• United States Environmental Protection Agency designated a standardized air
pollution level indicator known as the Air Quality Index (AQI), which mainly
consists of six common air pollutants called as criteria air pollutants that can
injure health, harm the environment and cause property damage are carbon
monoxide (CO), Lead (Pb), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Ozone (O3), particulate
matter (PM), and sulfur dioxide (SO2) (USEPA-APM).
• In India, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has specified CO, NO2,
SO2 and PM as criteria pollutants for monitoring through its National Air
Quality Monitoring Programme (NAMP).
WATER QUALITY MONITORING:
• India is facing a major issue of natural resource exiguity, especially in case of water
due to population growth and economic development [4]. Most of the water bodies
are contaminated due to the superfluous pollutants, which are mostly human-made.
Thus certify the cleanliness of water is a major challenge. Rapid industrialization and
greater emphasis on agriculture growth with latest technology, usage of more
fertilizers and pesticides caused large impurity in aquaticsurroundings directing to
debasement of water quality and depletion of aquatic life [4]. Water bodies are
contaminated due to point and non-point sources of pollution, which include sewage
discharge, discharge from industries, run-off from agricultural fields, urban run-off
and even due to floods, droughts and lack of education and awareness amid users
[5]. The involvement of users in looking at the aspects like hygiene, environment
sanitation, storage and disposal are exceptive elements to uphold the quality of
water bodies. The tonicity of lakes, rivers and other water bodies and their biological
diversification are directly linked with the health of nearly every element of the
ecosystem.
• Due to the use of befouled water by ecosystem components, the waterborne diseases
are spreading over surroundings causing death and slowing down socio-economic
progress. About 5 million people have died because of waterborne diseases all over
the world (Water Resource Information System of India, 2017) [5]. Fertilizers and
pesticides used for agriculture purpose can be washed by rain through soil, which
ends up in water bodies. Industrial effluents are also washed into water bodies.
These pollutants go into the food chain and gather till they reach noxious levels,
ultimately killing birds, fish and mammals. For potable water, it should of high quality
whereas for agriculture and industries the quality can be flexible. Industries use
water from rivers to power machinery and for cooling down machinery Increment in
water temperature diminishes the broke down oxygen level in water which influences
the biotic life. (Central Ground Water Board, 2017) [5]. The large portion of the
above variables makes water quality checking more paramount in our biological
system.
• Water quality refers to chemical, physical biological and radiological characteristics
of water. It is a measure of the condition of water relative to the necessities of one or
more biotic species and or to any human need or purposes.
• Water quality monitoring is defined as a sampling and analysis of the water (lake,
stream, ocean and river) and conditions of the water body.
• Smart water quality monitoring is a process of real-time monitoring and the analysis
of water to identify changes in parameters based on the physical, chemical and
biological characteristics
• Ideal water ranges in accordance with WHO standards [5] Parameters monitored
Quality Range Units
• Turbidity 5-10 NTU
• pH 6.5-8.5 pH
• Conductivity 300-800 microS/cm
OBJECTIVE:

• THIS PROJECT IS USED TO MONITOR THE WATER AND AIR QUALITY.

• IT TAKES THE REQUIRED INFORMATION FROM THE SENSORS AND SENDS IT
TO THE CLOUD USING WIFI MODULE.
• FROM THE CLOUD THE INFORMATION IS SENT THE PARTICULAR
DEPARTMENTS WITH THE LOCATION
• FROM THIS THE CONTAMINATED AREAS CAN BE MONITORED EASILY AND C
PRECAUTIONS CAN BE TAKEN TO PURIFY THEM.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAMS

AIR QUALITY MONITORING WATER QUALITY MONITORING

HARDWARE REQUIRED

AIR QUALITY MONITORING WATER QUALITY MONITORING

• LCD DISPLAY LCD DISPLAY
• ARDUINO UNO PH SENSOR
• ESP8266 WIFI MODULE TURBIDITY SENSOR
• MQ 135 GAS SENSOR CONDUCTIVITY SENSOR
• BUZZER TEMPERATURE SENSOR
• BATTERY
REFERENCES:
[1] Nikhil Kedia, Water Quality Monitoring for Rural Areas- A Sensor Cloud
Based Economical Project, in 1st International Conference on Next
Generation Computing Technologies (NGCT-2015) Dehradun, India, 4-5
September 2015. 978-1-4673-6809-4/15/$31.00 ©2015 IEEE
[2] Jayti Bhatt, Jignesh Patoliya, Iot Based Water Quality Monitoring System,
IRFIC, 21feb,2016.
[3] Michal lom, ondrej priby & miroslav svitek, Internet 4.0 as a part of smart
cities, 978-1-5090-1116-2/16/$31.00 ©2016 IEEE
[4] Zhanwei Sun, Chi Harold Liu, Chatschik Bisdikia_, Joel W. Branch and Bo
Yang, 2012 9th Annual IEEE Communications Society Conference on Sensor,
Mesh and Ad Hoc Communications and Networks
[5] (SECON), 978-1-4673-1905-8/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE
• [6] Sokratis Kartakis, Weiren Yu, Reza Akhavan, and Julie A. McCann, 2016
• IEEE First International Conference on Internet-of-Things Design and
• Implementation, 978-1-4673-9948-7/16 © 2016IEEE
• [7] Mithaila Barabde, shruti Danve, Real Time Water Quality Monitoring System,
• IJIRCCE, vol 3, June 2015.
• [8] Akanksha Purohit, Ulhaskumar Gokhale, Real Time Water Quality
• Measurement System based on GSM , IOSR (IOSR-JECE) Volume 9, Issue 3,
• Ver. V (May - Jun. 2014)
• [9] Eoin O’Connell, Michael Healy, Sinead O’Keeffe, Thomas Newe, and Elfed
• Lewis, IEEE sensors journal, vol. 13, no. 7, July 2013, 1530-437x/$31.00 ©
• 2013 IEEE
• [10] Nidal Nasser, Asmaa Ali, Lutful Karim, Samir Belhaouari, 978-1-4799-
• 0792-2/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE
• [11] Niel Andre cloete, Reza Malekian and Lakshmi Nair, Design of Smart Sensors
• for Real-Time Water Quality monitoring, ©2016 IEEE conference
THANK YOU