Chapter 2

PRODUCT DESIGN
 Overview
Components of innovation Quality function
Research and development deployment
Types of products Computer-aided design
Product development (CAD)
processes Prototype
Commercialization Standardization
Design principles Value analysis/engineering
Integrated design processes Product life cycle
New design philosophy Green design
Modular design Robust Evaluation of design
design or Taguchi method process
Components Of Innovation

Applied
Basic Research
Research

Development Implementation
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

Product R & D

Process R & D

New Uses
 Types Of Products

Customized Modular Standard

Products Products Products
 Production Development
Processes

Need Design & Launch Of

Identification Development the Product

Product
Generation of
Final Design Evaluation n
Ideas
Improvement

Advance
Prototype Product Use
Product
Testing & Support
Planning

Alternate
Engineering
Concept for
Design
the Product
 Commercialization

Companies that are first-to-market with

products based on new technologies realize
higher margins and larger market share.
 Design Principles

Standard Common
Component Component

Simple
Reasonable
Assembly
Specifications
Process

Reasonable
Tolerance
 Integrated Design Process
 Development processes are executed
sequentially in isolated stage

 Designers do not reveal their

specifications early
 New Design Philosophy

Producible Concurrent Design

Design Design Team

Supplier Customer
Involvement Involvement
 Modular Design
 A product is separated into modules or
subsystems
 The modules are interchangeable
 Customers get a larger variety of products
 Modular Design Example
 For example a pen has 3 modules body,
cover & refill.
 If company makes 5 varieties of 3 modules
i.e. body, cover & refill.
Any cover can fit with any refill so total 53
means 125 varieties of pen can be made.
 Robust Design Or Taguchi
method
 Designers should choose specifications at
which output variation is less.

 It is a process of repetitive experimentation

Robust Design means designing a product

that is efficient in varying environmental
conditions. For example, a Car & a Jeep
A Jeep is more robust as it can be used for
hilly areas & deserts as well as normal roads.
 Quality Function Deployment
 Importance of products by Customers view

 Ranking By Customers

Engineers satisfy the customers needs

Analyzing Customers view by evaluating of

Competitors
 Quality Function Deployment (Example)
 For example a Laptop with following needs

Easy to handle ( less weight & slim)

 Durability
 Looks
Long lasting battery
 High configuration (Space, latest technology etc.)
 Computer Aided Design

 Designer draws and modifies designs on a

computer screen

 Revising and adapting existing designs

using a CAD system

 Designs can be stored, and they can be

easily retrieved
It saves time & effort of designers
 Prototype

 Prototype : a physical or graphical

representation of the product
It may be a physical model, a computer
simulation or a real product in a form of
sample

Purpose : Functionality or Looks

 Process : Allows a designer to test his ideas

 Standardization

Assembling of the Product

Reduction of Planning
 Value Analysis Engineering

 It is carried out to eliminate unnecessary

features and functions of a product.

Selection of Primary function

 Listing all the alternatives

 Implement the best alternative.

 Products in Various20Stages of Life Cycle
Sales
Introduction Growth Maturity Decline

Time

POM - J. Galván
 Green Design

Use less material

Invest in R & D to make substitutes of
toxic materials
Use recycled materials
Make durable products
 Evaluation Of Design Process

Designers should be held responsible if their

designed product is not easily producible, and
if does not do well in the market
 Evaluation Of Design Process

Based on

 Number of common components used

 Number of supplier involved in product
design
 Number of components used
 Revenue earned from a particular product
 Whether product is eco friendly
 Product Design
24

Reverse
Manufacturability Engineering
Research &
Standardization Development

Concepts
Product Life in Robust Design
Cycle Product
Design

Concurrent
Engineering Modular Design
Computer Aided
Design (CAD)

Concepts in Product
Design
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