Professional Documents
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(Materials Operating Envelopes)
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RBI studies have a basis relying on assumptions regarding
past and future operating conditions.
RBI focuses much more heavily on inspection activities than
on controlling operations and monitoring activities.
Knowledge and control of unit¶s operating envelope helps an
RBI plan to succeed and together the two technologies help
provide an improved chance for reliability and safety.
A MOE study, although it can be a stand-alone effort,
complements RBI and makes the RBI plan more relevant.
Creating a MOE is typically easier and more efficient in
conjunction with RBI or after RBI is implemented, as many of
the data requirements are similar.
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Most refining, mid-stream, and chemicals pressurized
equipment was designed and built for an operating
basis that changed long ago.
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A MOE defines the limits for each part of a unit for
operating parameters such as feed contaminant
content, pH, flow rate, temperatures, chemical or
water injection rates, and acceptable levels of
corrosive constituents.
If limits are not exceeded, degradation should be
predictable and reasonably low.
If limits are exceeded, excessive equipment
degradation due to corrosion, stress corrosion
cracking, metallurgical embrittlement, or hydrogen
effects, such as high temperature hydrogen attack,
could occur.
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MOE¶s are similar to KPRP¶s (Key Process Reliability
Parameters), but differ in that MOE¶s contain parameters
that may not be controllable, but should be measured
and trended.
± Uncontrollable parameters are reviewed in order to provide ample
warning that additional inspection, surveillance, or replacement
may be needed.
± Example: Ammonia content in a crude tower overhead cannot be
readily controlled, but it should be trended to alert the refinery if
there is a major change in the potential, i.e. salt deposition
temperature, for ammonium chloride fouling and pitting in the
overhead.
Some parameters having predefined controllable limits
include:
± Overhead drum pH (typically controlled by neutralizer)
± Free CN content (typically controlled by water wash with PS)
± Ammonium bisulfide concentration of sour water (typically
controlled by wash water)
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Plant experience
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General Corrosion
Localized Corrosion
Pitting, Crevice, and Grooving Corrosion
Planar Cracks
Branched Cracks
Metallurgical Changes & Hydrogen Effects
Distortion
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General Corrosion
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socalized Corrosion
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hitting, Crevice, and Grooving Corrosion
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hlanar Cracks
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|ranched Cracks
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retallurgical Changes & Hydrogen Effects
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uistortion
Bulging
Blistering (H2)
Creep
Ratcheting
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Corrosion probes
Hydrogen probes
Coupons and physical probes
UT measurements and scanning
RT
Stream samples
Process variable monitoring
Infrared thermography & thermocouples
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erations Issues
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Ins ection Issues
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Gerrit Buchheim, P.E.
Materials Team Leader
216-283-6020
gmbuchheim@equityeng.com
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