Technical Training: Stanly Vaz & Viral Parmar Mphasis, An EDS Company

Technical Training
Stanly Vaz & Viral Parmar

Mphasis, An EDS Company
1 / August 2007 / EDS INTERNAL

Technical Training
Stanly Vaz & Viral Parmar

Objectives
• What is Hardware?
• Different hardware devices within a computer.
–Monitor
–CPU cabinet (Parts within a CPU cabinet)
–Keyboard
–Mouse
• What is Software?
• Different types of softwares.
–Operating System software (Windows XP Professional in
detail)
–Application software (IE in detail)
–Networking software
EDS Technical Training

Objectives contd…
• Networking and troubleshooting basic network
issue.
– Different types of networks.
– Different networking concepts.
– Different types of servers within a network.
• Microsoft office suite

– Different versions of Ms Office.
– Different applications within Ms Office.

Hardware

Desktop Computer

Components of a PC
• Central Processing Unit (CPU)/Cabinet

• Keyboard
• Mice
• Monitor
• Storage drives

Components of a CPU/Cabinet
• Cabinet is the metal/plastic box that holds all the major

components within a computer, together:
–Motherboard
– Processor
–Chipset (controls integrated and external I/O functions)
– RAM (Random Access Memory)
–Input/Output (I/O) interfaces
– Storage interface
–Slots for add on devices
– Built-in ports
–Power connectors

Motherboard

Motherboard
• Is an electronic component with the base being a Printed

Circuit Board (PCB).
• The basic purpose of the motherboard is to provide the
electrical and logical connections by which the other
components of the system communicate.
• It controls all the data flowing between the processor, RAM,
storage, and all I/O devices.
• Different types of motherboards are available in the market.
Most common categorization is based on the form factor of
the motherboard i.e. AT, ATX, mini-ATX, BTX, etc.

Motherboard contd….
• Motherboards can be categorized using the following as well:

– Chipset (e.g. 910, 945, 975, etc. for Intel)
– Processor socket (Socket 370, PGA, PPGA, LGA, etc.)
– Power supply (based on power consumption)
• It is the backbone of a computer.
• Technology has advanced to a great extent. Modern
motherboards support multiple processors for faster
computing.

Processor

Processor
• Can be termed as the brain of a computer.

• Is the most crucial component of the computer. Speed of
a computer primarily depends on the processor used.
• It is a piece of equipment that processes all input
commands given by the user and generates the output.

Processor contd…
• Two major competitors in the desktop PC market are Intel

and AMD .
• Latest processors from each brand are:
–Intel Core 2 Extreme technology based processors,
latest in the line is Intel Core 2 Extreme QX6850.
–AMD Athlon technology based processors, latest in the
line is AMD Athlon FX 74.
–iMAC’s have started using Intel Core 2 Duo technology.

Processor contd…
• Server system processors are manufactured by a lot of

companies.
• Designed for high availability and low power
consumption.
• E.g. Intel Xeon, AMD Opteron, Sun Niagra, SPARC, etc.

Chipset
Northbridge chipset

Chipset
• A chipset is a group of integrated circuits, or chips, that are

designed to work together.
• Intel Pentium based systems have 2 main chipsets, namely,
Northbridge and Southbridge. Northbridge controls the data
to and from high speed devices like RAM and graphics
controller whereas Southbridge controls other low-speed
devices like PCI and ISA.
• Major chipset manufacturers are Intel, VIA technologies,
Silicon Integrated Systems, NVIDIA, ATI.

RAM / Memory

RAM
• Random Access Memory is the working area used for

loading, displaying and manipulating applications and
data.
• It is a volatile memory which means that data stored on it
is lost when the computer is powered off.
• More the RAM, better is the system performance.

RAM contd…
• Different types of RAM available in the market : DRAM,

SRAM, SDRAM, RDRAM, DDR1, DDR2, DDR3, etc.
• RDRAM (Rambus Dynamic RAM) is the fastest type of
RAM available today and is the most expensive amongst
all.
• DDR(Double Data Rate)-SDRAM is the most common
type of RAM in use and is less expensive.

I/O interface

I/O interface
• Input/Output interface is the collection of interfaces that

different functional units of an information processing
system use to communicate with each other.
• For eg. PS/2 connector for Keyboard and mouse, Video
out port, Sound port, Parallel port, USB (1.0 & 2.0) port,
LAN port, etc.
• The latest and the most fastest interface technology is
IEEE-1394 firewire.

Storage interface

Storage interface
• Storage interface is used for connecting storage devices

like Hard disk drive, DVD R/W drive, etc. to the
motherboard.
• Connectors on the motherboard along with the cable used
for connecting the storage device comes under the
category of storage interface.
• Different types of storage interfaces are IDE, EIDE, ATA,
SATA, PATA, etc.

Storage interface contd…
• IDE – Integrated Development Environment

• EIDE – Extended IDE
• ATA – Advanced Technology Attachment
• SATA – Serial ATA
• PATA – Parallel ATA

Power supply

Power supply
• Power supply is used according to the form factor in use,

eg. AT, ATX, etc.
• The most common type of form factor is use is ATX.
• ATX power supply does not directly connect to the
system power button, allowing the computer to be turned
off via software.

Add on slots

Add on slots
• There are different slots available on the motherboard for

adding various devices on to the computer. These slots
include PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect), PCI
express, AGP (Accelerated Graphics Port), ISA (Industry
Standard Architecture), etc.
• AGP slot is used to connect AGP video cards, PCI slots
are used to add various PCI devices like PCI video card,
PCI modem, PCI sound card, etc.

Built in ports

Built in ports
• Modern day motherboards have a lot of devices on-board

(built-in). For eg. Sound card, video card, modem, USB
(Universal Serial Bus) ports, etc.
• Built-in ports are integrated on to the motherboard. These
ports are usually the basic components that are needed
for regular use; like video, sound, etc.

Keyboards
Membrane keyboard
Laser keyboard
Multimedia keyboard
(Dome switch keyboard)
Keyboards
• Keyboard is one of the critical parts of a computer without

which, the PC would not work.
• Keyboard is an input device used to give commands and
input data in to the computer.
• Different keyboard technologies are Dome Membrane,
Capacitive, Laser keyboard, Bluetooth keyboard, etc.

Mouse
Wireless optical mouse Mechanical mouse

Mouse
• Mouse is a device which is used to control the movement
of the cursor or pointer on a display screen.
• It is an input device generally used for making a selection
on the screen.
• Three basic types of mice :
– Mechanical mouse.
– Optomechnical mouse.
– Optical mouse (Wired & wireless).
• A mouse is also differentiated according to the type of
connector i.e. serial, USB, PS/2, etc.

Monitor / Display
CRT Monitor TFT - LCD

Monitor / Display
• Monitor is an output device used to view output/information
stored on to a computer.
• Monitor can be classified in many ways. For eg. According to
color capabilities :
–Monochrome
–Gray scale
–Color
• According to technology :
–CRT (Cathode Ray Tube)
–LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
–TFT – LCD (Thin Film Transistor LCD)
–OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode)

Software

Types of softwares
• Computer software is a program used to direct the operation

of a computer.
• Software can be broadly classified into 3 categories :
–Operating system software Eg. : Windows, Unix, Linux,
Solaris, etc.
–Application software Eg. : Ms-Word, Excel, Thunderbird,
Firefox, etc.
–Networking software Eg. : Netmeeting, Remote Desktop
Connection, VPN client software, etc.

File system
• File system is a method of storing and organizing files and

data on the hard drive.
• A file system is created on the hard drive while it is being
formatted.
• File system is recognized by the operating system so that it
can retrieve data as and when needed.
• Different operating systems use different file systems. For
eg. 1. Windows recognizes FAT, FAT32, NTFS, etc. 2. Unix
recognizes UFS, BSD FFS, etc.

Operating System
• Operating system is a set of programs that manages the
hardware and different software resources of a computer.
• It is like an interface between the user and the computer (i.e.
hardware, other applications and software).
• There are various vendors developing their own O.S. For eg.
Microsoft, Sun, Apple, Red hat, Suse, etc.
• The most common O.S. in use today in the corporate world is
Microsoft Windows XP professional.
• The latest release by Microsoft is Windows Vista which has a
lot of new and reworked features.
• Microsoft plans to release its another O.S. i.e. Windows
Vienna in 2010.

Windows XP

Windows XP Professional
• Windows XP Professional is a O.S. developed by Microsoft for
use on general-purpose business computers.
• Windows XP is the successor to both Windows 2000 and
Windows Me. Windows XP was first released on October 25,
2001.
• Windows XP is known for its improved stability and efficiency
over the 9x versions of Microsoft Windows. It presents a
significantly redesigned graphical user interface, a change
Microsoft promoted as more user-friendly than previous
versions of Windows.

Windows XP Professional contd…
• The two major editions of Windows XP are Windows XP
Home Edition, designed for home users, and Windows XP
Professional, designed for business and commercial users.
• There were other editions released targeting specific user
market like Windows XP 64-bit Edition which supports 64 bit
computing, Windows XP Media Center Edition, targeting the
users looking for home entertainment systems, Windows XP
Tablet PC Edition specially designed for notebook/laptop
computers.

Desktop
• Desktop is the stand by screen which is visible every time
the user logs on to the computer.
• It has standard icons like My Computer, My Documents, My
Network places, Recycle bin & Internet Explorer. An Icon is a
small pictogram that represents a shortcut/link or the actual
application, file or folder.
• There is also a desktop wallpaper i.e. the background image,
a start menu and a task bar visible at the bottom of the
desktop screen.

Hard drive utilities
• There are various hard drive utilities built into Windows XP
Professional. For eg :
– Disk clean up utility
– Error checking tool
– Back up & restore tool
– Disk Defrag tool
• All these tools except cleanup are accessible by right clicking
on the drive and selecting properties of the drive.

Disk Cleanup
• The Disk Cleanup tool helps you free up space on your hard
disk by searching your disk for files that you can safely
delete. You can choose to delete some or all of the files. For
eg :
–Remove temporary Internet files.
–Remove ActiveX controls and Java applets that are
downloaded from the Internet.
–Empty the Recycle Bin.
–Remove Windows temporary files.
–Remove optional Windows components that you are not
using.
–Remove installed programs that you no longer use.
• You can access the Disk cleanup tool from the following path
:
Open My computer – Right click on the drive – General – Disk
Cleanup tool.

Error checking tool
• The Error-Checking tool in Windows XP is used to check the
integrity of your hard disk. It checks for file system errors
and bad sectors on your hard disk. It can also attempt to fix
errors and recover bad sectors.
• You can access the error checking tool from the following
path :
Open My computer – Right click on the drive – Tools – Error
checking tool.

Backup and Restore tool
• The Backup and Restore tool in Windows XP allows you to
backup files and settings (data) on to a selected media. The
tool creates a file with the extension .bkf. This file can be
used to restore the backed up data on to the system
through the same tool by selecting the Restore option.
• You can access the error checking tool from the following
path :
Start – All Programs – Accessories – System tools – Backup.

Disk Defrag tool
• Disk defrag tool is used to maintain/enhance disk
performance by defragmenting volumes that use the FAT,
FAT32, or NTFS file system.
• Disk defrag tool is designed to increase access speed by
rearranging files stored on a disk to occupy contiguous
storage locations, or defragmenting.
• This tool can be accessed from the following path :
Open My computer – Right click on the drive – Tools –
Defragment now.

Device Drivers
• A device driver, or software driver is a computer program
allowing higher-level computer programs to interact with a
computer hardware device.
• Every hardware device needs a driver to be installed on to
the O.S. so that the hardware is recognized and is also
usable.
• Drivers act as a mediator between the system and the
hardware device and it usually communicates through the
bus.

Control Panel
• Control Panel in Windows is an interface which allows users
to view and modify system settings and controls, such as
adding hardware, adding and removing software, controlling
user accounts, and changing accessibility options.
• Many of the Control Panel applications can be accessed
through an alternate way. For eg. System properties can be
accessed by right clicking on My Computer icon and selecting
properties.
• The Control Panel can be accessed from the following path :
Start – Control Panel

Control Panel contd…
• The Accessibility Option is used to adjust the computer
settings for vision and hearing.
• Add Hardware is used to manually install new hardware
that is not plug n play.
• Add or Remove Programs allows users to install and
remove programs and Windows components.
• Administrative Tools allows users to configure the
administrative settings of the computer.
• Automatic Updates can be used to configure the system
for downloading the O.S. updates from the Microsoft server.
One can set the system to check periodically for any
updates.

• Date & Time option allows you to set the date & time and
select the time zone.
• Display icon allows you to change the appearance of the
desktop, such as background, screen saver, colors and
screen resolution.
• Folder options is used to customize the display of files and
folders, change files associations and make network files
available offline.
• Fonts can be used to add, change and manage fonts on
your computer.

• Keyboard option is used to customize keyboard settings
such as the cursor blink rate and character repeat rate.
• Mail is used to configure and edit mailbox settings.
• Mouse option is used to customize mouse settings such as
the button configuration, double-click speed, mouse
pointers, and motion speed.
• Network connections allows users to connect to other
computers, networks and the internet.
• Phone & Modem options is used to configure telephone
dialing rules and modem settings.

• Power Options is used to configure your computer for
saving energy.
• Printer & Faxes is used to add, modify and delete printers
and their settings.
• Regional & Language Options allows users to customize
settings for the display of languages, numbers, times and
dates.
• Scanners & Cameras allows users to add, remove and
configure scanners and cameras.

• Scheduled Tasks can be used to schedule computer tasks
to run automatically.
• Security Center is an option that can be accessed to view
the current system security status. This option is available
only if service pack 2 is installed.
• Sounds & Audio Devices is used to change the sound
scheme of the computer or for configuring speakers and
recording devices.

• Taskbar & Start Menu allows users to customize the
Taskbar & the Start Menu, such as items to be displayed
and how they should appear.
• User Accounts can be used to add, remove or modify a
user account and the password for the local computer.
• Windows Firewall is used to configure the Windows
Firewall for external threats from the internet.
• Wireless Network Setup Wizard is used to add your
computer to a wireless network.

Event viewer
• Tools Available For Troubleshooting Software.
Event Viewer maintains logs about program,
security, and system events on your computer. You
can use Event Viewer to view and manage the event
logs, gather information about hardware and software
problems, and monitor Windows security events.
An event is an significant occurrence in the system or
application that requires the users to be notified or an
entry made into the log.
To open Event Viewer Click on Start -> Control Panel
-> Administrative Tools (Switch to Classic View if the
Control Panel is in Category View) and double click
Event Viewer.

Event viewer
Event Viewer Contd. The following logs are
available in Event Viewer :
- Application Log
- Security Log
- System Log
These are the default logs available. There may be
other logs showing depending on applications
installed.
The various events available would be:
Application Log: Information, Warning and Error
System Log: Information, Warning and Error
Security Log: Audit Success, Audit failure.

System Configuration Utility
System Configuration Utility: System Configuration
Utility (Msconfig.exe) automates the routine
troubleshooting steps that Microsoft Product Support
Services technicians use when diagnosing Windows
configuration issues. You can use this tool to modify
the system configuration through a process of
elimination with check boxes, reducing the risk of
typing errors.
To open the System Configuration Utility, Click Start

-> Run and type “msconfig.exe”

System Configuration Utility contd…
System Configuration Utility:
You can use this tool to modify the system
configuration through a process of elimination with
check boxes, reducing the risk of typing errors.
For instance, if the system does not display the

desktop after you log in, you can log on to the safe
mode and uncheck all the items under the startup tab
from the system configuration utility. If it boots up
then you know that one of the applications in startup
is causing the problem.

Task Manager
Task Manager: You can use task manager to find out
information about programs and processes running on
your machine.
To open Task Manager:

• Press CTRL+SHIFT+ESC
• Right-click the Windows taskbar, and then click

Task Manager
• Press CTRL+ALT+DELETE and then select Task
Manager
The various tabs available in Task Manager are

Applications, Processes, Performance, and
Networking.

Task Manager contd…
Applications Tab You can use the buttons on the
Applications tab of the Task Manager dialog box to:
- Stop a program from running (End Task)
- To switch to a program and bring the program into
the foreground (Switch To)
- To start a program (New Task).
At the bottom of the display, Task Manager shows you
the number of processes that are currently running,
the CPU usage, and the memory usage.
Processes, Performance, and Networking.

The Processes tab shows you the processes, the
users running each process,
– The CPU and memory usage for each process that is
running. A constant CPU usage of more than
approximately 80% by a single process is not good.
– If any process is using a lot of CPU time you can right
click and end Process and then continue
troubleshooting the process or application.

The Performance tab shows you the CPU usage

history, Page file or Virtual Memory usage history,
Physical memory usage history, Commit charge (Sum
of Physical Memory and Virtual Memory) and the total
number of processes, threads and handles running in
the system. All this information helps in assessing the
systems performance.

• Task Manager Contd.

Networking tab displays a visual interpretation of
the current network traffic on various network
connections on the computer.
– It gives a quick snapshot of network availability on
each connection configured on your computer.

System Properties
• System properties in Windows XP can be used to :
–View and change settings that control how your computer
uses memory and finds certain information.
–Find information about hardware and device properties, as
well as configure hardware profiles.
–View information about your network connection and
logon profile.
–Report system and program errors to Microsoft or your
system administrator when they occur.
• To modify system properties, you may require administrator
or equivalent rights.
• You can access system properties from the following path :
Start - Control panel - System.

System Properties contd…
• There are several tabs under system properties :
–The General tab has general information about the
system, like the version and build of the O.S., the name of
the person/company to whom the O.S. is registered, basic
system configuration, etc.
– The Computer name tab shows the computer name and
the Domain/Workgroup name. It also has 2 buttons to add
the computer to a Domain or change the Domain.

• The Hardware tab is divided into 3 sections, Device
managers, drivers and hardware profiles.
–The Device Manager lists all the hardware connected to
the system. It gives further options to update drivers,
troubleshoot hardware, enable and disable devices, etc.
– The Drivers option allows us to configure Windows for
driver installation.
– Hardware profiles is used to create and modify hardware
profiles with customized configuration.

• The Advanced tab has 3 options within this tab i.e.
Performance, User Profiles and Startup and Recovery.
–The Performance options allows us to modify the visual
effects in Windows. We can also set the virtual memory
through this option.
– User Profiles allows us to change the type of profile i.e.
Local or Roaming.
– Startup and Recovery allows to modify system startup
options, like selecting the default O.S. to be loaded,
configure Windows to react on the event of system failure.

• The System Restore tab is used to enable & disable System
Restore feature.
• Automatic Updates tab allows us to configure Windows to
automatically check for updates on the Microsoft website.
• The Remote tab allows us to allow / deny Remote Desktop
Connections made to and from a Windows computer. You
can also specify the usernames that should be allowed RDC
access.

Safe mode
• Safe mode is a diagnostic mode which allows access to the
system by loading the basic drivers like mouse, keyboard,
monitor, mass storage, etc. It can be selected at computer
startup by pressing the F8 key.
• Safe mode helps you diagnose problems on your system. It
is like a back door entry into your system.
• If a newly added device or a changed driver is causing
problems, you can use safe mode to remove the device or
reverse the change.

Last Known Good Configuration
• The Last Known Good Configuration feature is a recovery
option that you can use to start your computer by using the
most recent settings that worked. It can be accessed at the
startup of the computer by pressing the F8 key.
• The Last Known Good Configuration feature restores registry
information and driver settings that were in effect the last
time the computer started successfully.

System Restore
• Windows XP periodically records a snapshot of your
computer. These snapshots are called restore points.
Windows XP also creates restore points at the time of
significant system events (such as when an application
or driver is installed) or you can create and name your
own restore points at any time.
• If users experience system failure or another significant

problem, they can use System Restore from Safe Mode
or Normal Mode to go back to a previous system state,
restoring optimal system functionality. System Restore
will not revert user data or document files, so restoring
will not cause users to lose their work, mail, or even
browsing history and favorites.

System Restore contd…
• System Restore needs some space on the harddisk to store
the restore points. The disk space to be allotted can be
assigned/modified under the System Restore tab under the
System Properties.
• There are 2 things that can be done using the System
Restore tool i.e. Create a restore point & Restoring the
computer by selecting a restore point.
• System Restore tool can be accessed through the following
path :
Start – All Programs – Accessories – System Tools – System
Restore.

Start Menu
• Start Button is a user interface element in the Microsoft
Windows product line, which serves as the central launching
point for applications.
• It is a nested list of programs and applications that allows
easy accessibility to the user.
• The Start button is visible at the bottom left corner of the
screen and is a part of the task bar.

Start Menu contd…
• There are a some standard buttons and applications under
the Start Menu, for eg. Log off, Shutdown, All Programs,
Control Panel, Help & Support, Search and Run.
• Log off is used when the user wants to log out from his
profile without shutting down the computer, whereas
Shutdown is used to completely shut down the computer.
• All Programs gives us access to the various applications
installed on the system. There are certain built-in
applications in Windows as well, that can be accessed from
All Programs, like Accessories, Games, Internet Explorer,
etc.

Start Menu contd…
• Control Panel in Windows is an interface which allows users
to view and modify system settings and controls.
• Help & Support is a tool in Windows that provides basic
information about the use and access of any feature in
Windows. It allows us to search for a topic or feature related
to the Windows O.S.
• The Search feature in Windows is an advanced tool that
allows us to search for files and folders using customizable
criteria.
• The Run option is used to open a program, folder,
document, internet resource and most importantly the DOS
command prompt by typing the relevant
command/path/filename.

Windows Explorer
• Windows Explorer is an application in Windows that
provides a GUI for accessing the files, folders and other data
on the computer.
• The explorer window is divided into 2 parts, the left side is
the navigation pane and the right side is the content pane.
The navigation pane can list only the drives, folders and
directories whereas the content pane shows even the files.
• Windows Explorer can be accessed from the following path :
Start – All Programs – Accessories – Windows Explorer or
press and hold the Windows key and press E.

Outlook Express
• Outlook Express is an email client that is built into
Windows XP.
• Outlook Express is a different application from the Microsoft
Office Outlook e-mail client which ships with Microsoft Office
for Windows.
• Outlook Express has been prone to a number of problems
which can corrupt its files database, especially when the
database increases in size due to increasing number of
stored emails and during database compaction.
• Outlook Express is no longer a part of the Windows O.S. The
latest Microsoft O.S. i.e. Windows Vista includes a new
application named Windows Mail which is although based on
large parts of Outlook Express source code.

Internet Browser
• What is an Internet Browser?
• What are the various browsers available in the market.
• What is a cookie
• What is a proxy server.
• Internet Explorer.
• Explain the various menus in IE. Specifically, the Tools
Menu and Internet Options.
• Uninstalling and Reinstalling IE.

Internet Browser Contd…
• What is an Internet Browser?
A browser is an application program that provides a way to
look at and interact with all the information on the World
Wide Web. An Internet Browser interprets HTML, the
programming language of the internet, into the words and
graphics that you see when viewing a web page.
• Examples of browsers are Internet Explorer, Mozilla
Firefox, Netscape, Avant Browser, Opera.

• What is a Cookie?
Cookies are text files downloaded onto a visitor's
computer hard drive to store the visitor's actions in order
to better customize their following visits. The use of
cookies is most common in shopping cart applications.
• Types of cookies.
- Session/Transient/Temporary Cookies
- Permanent/Stored Cookies
- First Party and Third Party
- Unsatisfactory Cookies

• Session/Transient/Temporary Cookies are cookies
stored only for your current browsing session, and is deleted
from your computer when you close the Browser window.
• Permanent/Stored Cookies is one stored as a file on your
computer, and it remains there when you close the browser
window. The cookie can be read by the Web site that created
it when you visit that site again. It will be effective until the
expiry date set by the server or until deleted manually by
the user.
• First Party and Third Party
A first-party cookie either originates on or is sent to the
Web site you are currently viewing. These cookies are
commonly used to store information, such as your
preferences when visiting that site.

• A third-party cookie either originates on or is sent to a
Web site different from the one you are currently viewing.
Third-party Web sites usually provide some content on the
Web site you are viewing. For example, many sites use
advertising from third-party Web sites and those third-party
Web sites may use cookies.
• Unsatisfactory Cookies are cookies that might allow
access to personally identifiable information that could be
used for a secondary purpose without your consent.

• Proxy Server: A server that acts as an intermediary between
a workstation user and the Internet so that the enterprise
can ensure security, administrative control, and caching
service. It is used to provide a gateway between a local area
network and the Internet.

• Internet Explorer. Is the Internet Browser provided by
Microsoft bundled along with the Windows OS. The latest
Version is IE 7.
• The Menus in Internet Explorer:
One of the most important tabs from a troubleshooting point
of view would be the Tools Menu.
Tools Menu
Manage Add-Ons
Popup Blocker
Read Mails
Synchronize

• Internet Options is one of the important options in the Tools
Menu. You can also get to this from the Control Panel.
General Tab
Security Tab
Privacy Tab
Content Tab
Connections Tab
Programs Tab
Advanced Tab
At this point it would be ideal to view the Screen Capture for
Internet Explorer

Uninstalling and Reinstalling IE:
• At some point of time if IE is corrupt you would need to
uninstall and reinstall IE. You can do this from the Add
Remove Programs Applet in Control Panel.
• You can also reinstall it by right clicking on the “ie.inf” file in
“C:\windows\inf” folder and clicking on install.

Networking

Finding the IP address
• To find the IP address of the computer, click on Start – Run
– type cmd. This will open up the DOS prompt. Type the
command ipconfig. This will show the IP address, subnet and
the default gateway for that particular computer. To find
more detailed information about the IP address, you can use
the switch /all.
• If the network has a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol) server, then you can release and renew IP address
through the command prompt.

Finding the IP address contd…
• You might have to release an IP address if there was some
connectivity issue between your computer and the DHCP
server and your computer has taken an invalid IP address
like 0.0.0.0 or 127.0.0.1 or 169.254.x.x.
• To release an IP address use the command ipconfig
/release. To get a new IP address use the command ipconfig
/renew. This will re-register your computer on the DHCP
server.
• Static IP address can be changed manually from the LAN
properties.

Networking
• Classification of Networks
- Based on Network Topologies
- Based on Network Scale
• Network Hardware
- Network Interface Cards
- Hubs
- Switches
- Repeaters
- Bridges
- Routers

Networking contd…
• Network Troubleshooting Commands
- The Ping Command
- The Tracert Command
- The IPConfig Command
- The Nbtstat Command
- Loopback IP Address
• Constructing A simple Network
• Auto Configuration IP Address
• DHCP, DNS, WINS, HOSTS File and Name Resolution
• Generic Network Troubleshooting Exercise

Networking contd…
- Network Interface Cards: provides the physical
connection between the network and the computer
workstation.
- Hub is device connected to several other devices.
It is used to connect several computers together.
(Analogy Hub of a wheel)
- Switches acts like a network hub. Unlike a plain
hub, a switch examines the destination of data
packet and only sends it to the physical port
needed for proper delivery. Switches can be
effectively used to reduce cross traffic on growing
networks.

Networking contd…
- Repeaters Since a networks signal loses
strength as it passes along a cable, it is often
necessary to boost the signal with a device called
a repeater.
- Bridges divide a network into segments,
selectively forwarding traffic across the network
boundary it defines thus regulating network
traffic. They also play the function of repeaters.
- Routers translate information from one network
to another; it is similar to a super intelligent
bridge. Routers select the best path to route a
message, based on the destination address and
origin.

Networking contd…
– Based on Network Topologies
• Bus Topology Bus topology consists of a main
cable with a terminator at each end.

Networking contd…
• Star Topology A star topology is designed with
each node (file server, workstations, and
peripherals) connected directly to a central network
hub or concentrator.

Networking contd…
• Classification of
Networks
– Based on Network
Topologies
• Tree Topology A
tree topology
combines
characteristics of
linear bus and star
topologies. It consists
of groups of star-
configured
workstations
connected to a linear
bus backbone cable.

Networking contd…
• Ring Topology the ring topology is a type of
computer network configuration where each
network computer and device are connected to
each other forming a large circle.

Networking contd…
• Besides these topologies we have the Mesh and
the Fully Connected topologies as well.

Networking contd…
Based on Network Scale
PAN -> Personal Area Network. A network
that you have configured at home is a PAN
LAN -> Local Area Network
WLAN -> Wireless LAN
WAN -> Wide Area Network.

Networking contd…
• Important Networking Concepts.
What is an IP Address?
An IP address is a string of numbers that identifies
a computer on a network or Internet. An example
would be 192.85.58.91. Each computer must have
a unique set of numbers or there will be a conflict
with another computer on the network, similar to
two houses having the same telephone number. If
a person were to call that number, the phone
system wouldn't know which house to contact.

Networking contd…
How Do I Obtain This IP Address?
In a large corporate environment the IP address
will not be manually specified but automatically
assigned by a DHCP Server (Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol). The job of the DHCP
Server is to lease out IP addresses and to keep
track of which computer has which address and
make sure there are no conflicts.

Networking contd…
Are There Invalid IP Addresses?
» Yes. It's possible that an individual may be
obtaining no IP address or an invalid IP address
for some reason. The list below shows some
common invalid IP addresses.
» 0.0.0.0 - Computer has no network
connectivity
» 127.0.0.1 - Reserved on the local computer
for testing programs and hardware
» 169.254.x.x - PC uses DHCP but is unable to
obtain an IP address from the server.

Networking contd…
- The Ping Command. Ping Stands for Packet Internet
Groper. It is used to test whether a machine is
reachable over the network. It works by sending
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) “echo
request” packets (a formatted block of data carried by
a computer network )to the target host and listening
for ICMP “echo response” replies.
- Usage: To use the ping command you need to open
the command prompt by clicking on Start Menu->
Run->and type CMD and hit the Enter key. In the
Command Prompt type “Ping IPAddress” Eg Ping
205.191.24.78 or “Ping Hostname” Eg Ping
infocentre.eds.com
- For help using the Ping command type “ping -?”

Networking contd…
- The Tracert Command. Determines the path taken to
a destination by sending Internet Control Message
Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request messages to the
destination with incrementally increasing Time to Live
(TTL) field values. In simple terms, it traces the route
from one machine to the other.
- Usage: To use the tracert command you need to open
the command prompt by clicking on Start Menu-> Run-
>and type CMD and hit the Enter key. In the Command
Prompt type “Tracert IPAddress” E.g. Ping
205.191.24.78 or “Tracert Hostname” E.g. Ping
infocentre.eds.com
- For help using the Tracert command type “tracert -?”

Networking contd…
- The Ipconfig Command.
- Is a windows command line utility that is used to check
and manage the IP address assigned to a machine.
- Usage: To use the IPConfig command you need to
open the command prompt by clicking on Start Menu-
> Run->and type CMD and hit the Enter key. In the
Command Prompt type “ipconfig”. This is going to
show the IP Address, Subnet Mask and the default
Gateway of the machine. The most used forms of
ipconfig are ipconfig /all, ipconfig /release and
ipconfig /renew
- For help using the Tracert command type “ipconfig -?”

Networking contd…
- The Nbtstat Command. Displays NetBIOS over TCP/IP
(NetBT) protocol statistics, NetBIOS name tables for
both the local computer and remote computers, and the
NetBIOS name cache.
- For help using the Nbtstat command type “nbtstat -?”
- Frequently used switches of the nbtstat command are :
-R
»Purges the contents of the NetBIOS name cache and
then reloads the #PRE-tagged entries from the
Lmhosts file.
-RR
»Releases and then refreshes NetBIOS names for the
local computer that is registered with WINS servers.

Networking contd…
- The Loopback IP address.
The address of the local computer used for routing
outgoing packets back to the source computer. This
address is used primarily for testing.
The
- Usage: the Loopback IP Address is used together with
the Ping command. You need to open the command
prompt by clicking on Start Menu-> Run->and type
CMD and hit the Enter key. In the Command Prompt
type “ping loopback”. This is going to send 4 packets
to the IP address 127.0.0.1. If you do not get replies
you need to troubleshoot the networking components
on your system.

Networking contd…
• Constructing A simple Network.
-To construct a simple network you need to have
a crossover CAT5 cable and two PCs.
-Alternately if you have a switch or a hub a
normal CAT5 cable will work fine.

Networking contd…
• DHCP, DNS, WINS, HOSTS File and Name Resolution
DHCP -> Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol.
A computer running the Microsoft DHCP service that
offers dynamic configuration of IP addresses and related
information to DHCP-enabled clients.
DNS-> Domain Naming Service
A computer running the Domain Naming Service is the
DNS Server.
WINS -> Windows Internet Name Service
A computer running the Windows Internet Name Service
is the WINS Server.
HOSTS File-> Is file on the system (Local File) where we
have the mappings of IP Address and Machine Names.
Name Resolution: DNS, WINS and HOSTS File all help
in the process of resolving names of Computer to their
respective IP Addresses.

Networking contd…
• Auto Configuration IP Address/APIPA (Automatic
Private IP Addressing)
A feature of Windows XP TCP/IP that automatically
configures a unique IP address from the range
169.254.0.1 through 169.254.255.254 and a subnet
mask of 255.255.0.0 when the TCP/IP protocol is
configured for dynamic addressing and a Dynamic Host
Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is not available.
If a user is getting an address starting with 169.254.X.X

he is not getting a IP Address from the DHCP server of his
company LAN or the ISP.

Mapping a shared drive
• Shared drive (Network drive) is a storage drive on the
network which can be accessed by authorized users for
sharing data and easy accessibility from the network.
• In order to easily access this shared drive, it needs to be
mapped on to the computer. By mapping a drive, we are
basically creating a kind of a shortcut link to the actual
shared drive location.

Mapping a shared drive contd…
• Steps to map a shared drive :
Open My Computer – Tools – Map Network Drive. This
will open a wizard where you need to select a drive
letter and specify the path to the shared drive. Check
the option – Reconnect at logon and click on Finish. You
may be prompted to enter a username and password.
Enter the information and the shared drive will be
displayed as an icon in My Computer.

Wireless
Connectivity.

Different ways to access Services
or
Click

Type click OK 118 / August 2007 / EDS INTERNAL
Services Console
It is used to Starts, stops and configures Windows services.
Gives a brief
idea whether a Scroll down till
particular the bottom for
Services is Wireless Zero
started or Configuration
stopped (WZC)
double click to open WZC

Wireless Zero Configuration Properties window
In order to enable wireless on the computer, we need to enable this services.
Starting the
services.
This indicates the
status of the
service. whether
its started or
stopped.
This is how the services looks when

started
If the status says Stopped, then we need to start it. Just click on the Start button to enable

Once we have started the Wireless Zero Configuration Services, we will need to enable
the settings in Windows to configure wireless on the computer. We need to go to
Network Connections.
The small red

cross on the
Wireless icons
indicates that it
is not
connected to
the network.
Right click on the

wireless icon, in
the menu that
comes over, click
on Properties.
We would get the Wireless icons only if a wireless card is

installed on the computer.

Wireless Network Connection Properties Window.
This is the first pop up that appears when

we click on the Properties tab. This pop
up comes up if the user is not an Admin to
his/her computer. Just Click OK
To enable Wireless, we need to check the option which is

under the tab Wireless Networks.

BINGO ! Once its configured, the computer would automatically start searching for
wireless networks in the area. Once detected the balloon shaped message would
indicate the same. 123 / August 2007 / EDS INTERNAL
Wireless Network list
There are 2
different types of
wireless network.
Secured and
Unsecured.
Secured network
requires an user id
and password.
Unsecured network
is free for all.
It would mentioned
in the list whether
the network is a
secured or
unsecured one.
Once we click on the message, we get the list of all the wireless network in that area.

Wireless Network list
Select a network
and hit Connect
An unsecured network would pop up the message, click Connect Anyways as we have no
EDS Technicalchoice.
Training
( Its free you see)
Once
connected, it
will try to
acquire the
network
address.
The small red cross will disappear once you are

connected to the wireless network.

NetMeeting

NetMeeting
Overview
Purpose:
The purpose of this document is to familiarize the reader
with the setup procedures necessary to activate and use
Microsoft NetMeeting 3.01
Audience:
The intended audience of this document is the end user
who will be using NetMeeting. An administrator can use
this document to determine which screens will require end
user interaction by default.

NetMeeting
Purpose
Welcome Screen
• The purpose of this
screen is to
familiarize you with
the features of
NetMeeting.
What to do on this
screen:
• 1. Read the
information on the
screen.
• 2. No input is
required for this
screen.
• 3. Press the Next
button.

NetMeeting
Purpose
Personal Information Screen The purpose of this screen is to
collect the information that will
be displayed in the Corporate
(Internet Locator Service) ILS
directory. This information will
also be displayed to all other
users that are in a meeting with
you.
What to do on this screen:
1. The only required fields are the

First name:, Last name: and E-
mail address: fields.
2. For the E-mail address:, enter

you corporate e-mail address.
3. Even though Location: and

Comments: are not required,
just remember that everyone in
your meeting will be able to see
this information.
4. Once you have entered

information in the first three
fields, the Next button will be
activated.
5. Press the Next button.

NetMeeting
Purpose
Directory Server Setup Screen • The purpose of this screen is to
determine if you want to log
onto the Corporate ILS server
and if so, to specify the name of
the ILS server. This screen also
asks whether or not you wish for
your name to be displayed in the
directory.

• 1. If you wish for NetMeeting to
log you into the Corporate ILS
directory every time you start
NetMeeting, then:
• a. leave the option Log on to a

directory server when
NetMeeting starts checked.
• b. Click on the drop down to

select the server name.
• 2. If you wish for your name to

be listed in the directory when
NetMeeting logs on, then leave
the option Do not list my name
in the directory unchecked.
• 3. Press the Next button.

NetMeeting
Purpose
Line Speed Information Screen • The purpose of this screen
is to specify the type of
connection you will be
using so NetMeeting can
determine your bandwidth
limitations.

• 1. Click on the type of
connection you will be
using while using
NetMeeting.
• a. If your PC is connected
to the corporate network
within a corporate building,
then choose Local Area
Network.
• b. If you are using this PC
from home, then choose
the type of connection you
will be using to access the
corporate network.

NetMeeting
Purpose
Shortcut Setup Screen • The purpose of this screen
is to give you the choice of
which (if any) shortcuts
you wish to be installed on
your PC. Note the arrows in
the graphic to determine
the placement of the
shortcuts.

• 1. If you want a shortcut
on your desktop, then
leave the option Put a
shortcut to NetMeeting on
my desktop checked.
• 2. If you want a shortcut in

your taskbar at the bottom
of your screen, then leave
the option Put a shortcut to
NetMeeting on my Quick
Launch bar checked.

NetMeeting
Audio Tuning Wizard - Overview Purpose
Screen • The purpose of this
screen is to notify
you that the following
screens will set your
audio and recording
levels. Even if you do
not have an audio
card or a microphone,
you will still have to
access the remaining
setup screens.
• BE SURE TO CLOSE
DOWN ALL
APPLICATIONS
THAT USE AUDIO
BEFORE
PROCEEDING.
What to do on this
screen:
• 1. Press the Next
button.

NetMeeting
Audio Tuning Wizard – Volume Purpose
• The purpose of this screen
Adjustment Screen is to set the volume level
for any incoming audio. If
you do not have an audio
card, then perform the last
step in 8.2 below.

• 1. If you do NOT have an
audio card, then go to step
6.
• 2. Read the information on
the screen.
• 3. Press the Test button (it
will now say Stop).
• 4. Adjust the volume by
either using the sliding bar
on the screen or use the
volume controls for your
audio card.
• 5. Press the Stop button (it
will now say Test).

NetMeeting Purpose
• The purpose of this screen is
Audio Tuning Wizard – to set the recording level for
your microphone. If you do
Recording Adjustment Screen not have a microphone, then
perform the last step in 9.2
below.
• 1. If you do NOT have a
microphone, then go to step
5.
• 2. Read the information on
the screen.
• 3. Read out loud the text
that is in quotes. The system
will adjust the level
automatically according to the
volume of your voice. NOTE:
If you are in a room with a lot
of background noise, the level
might be decreased to a point
where others in a meeting
may not be able to hear you.
• 4. If an unusually loud noise
caused the level to be
dropped below an acceptable
level or if you want to
readjust the recording level,
then use your mouse to move
the slide bar to the far right
and repeat step 3.

NetMeeting
Audio Tuning Wizard – Purpose
Summary Screen
• The purpose of this
screen is to inform
you that the setup
has been
completed and to
inform you on how
to access the Audio
Tuning Wizard
screens again.
What to do on this
screen:
• 1. Read the
information on the
screen.
• 2. Press the Finish
button.

NetMeeting

Virtual Private Network (VPN)

VPN (Virtual Private Network)
• What is VPN?
VPN stands for Virtual Private Network. Loosely defined, a
VPN allows you to run a secure, private network over an
unsecured public network. You can use virtual private
networking to get clients connected to your network over
the Internet and do it securely, even though the Internet
is inherently an unsecured network.
• What is a VPNC?
A VPN Concentrator is a networking device that resides
between the Corporate Network and the Internet and
servers as the endpoint of a VPN tunnel.

To conceptualize VPNs, think of two pipes, one large and one

small. Now, imagine that the small pipe actually runs inside of
the large one. It starts and ends at the same places the large
pipe does, and it can carry materials on its own, completely
independent of whatever is happening in the large pipe. As a
matter of fact, the only thing the small pipe depends on the
large pipe for is the determination of the start and end points.
Beyond that, the small pipe can operate independently of the
large pipe in terms of direction of travel, materials it carries, etc.
• The three stages of establishing a VPN connection?

- Group Authentication.
- User Authentication
- Tunnel Creation.
• The prerequisite for successfully establishing a VPN
connection is good connection to the ISP.
• Next the user should have an appropriate VPN Group
Assigned and have valid user name and password.
• The port required by the particular VPN Client should not
be blocked locally or over the network.

Microsoft Office

Microsoft Office Suite
• Microsoft Office Word

• Microsoft Office Excel
• Microsoft Office PowerPoint
• Microsoft Office Outlook

Microsoft Office Word 2003 Pro
• Creating Documents
• Formatting Documents
• Security and other features

Microsoft Office Word Logo

Vertical
Scroll
Bar
Horizontal
Scroll Bar
The picture above shows how a Microsoft Office Word Window looks like.
We will look at the various Toolbars and Menu Bars available in MS
WORD
The Title Bar displays the Document Title (or Document Number)
The Menu Bar contains similar commands grouped in one place

(Analogy a restaurant menu)
The Formatting Toolbar provides a quick way to format

documents
The Standard Toolbar contains the frequently used commands
The ruler

To create from a template follow the steps given

below:
• On the File menu, click New.
• In the New Document task pane, under Templates,

click one of the links, or type text , such as
"brochure" or "calendar," into the Search online for
box, and then click Go.
• Note You must be connected to the Internet to
search online or to follow the Templates on Office
Online link.
• Choose the template or wizard you want.

Microsoft Office Word 2003 Pro Contd
You can create a new Document from a template
or from a Copy of an existing document.
To create from an existing document follow the

steps given below:
• On the File menu, click New.
• In the New Document task pane, under New, click

From existing document.
• Click the document you want to create a new
document from. If you want to open a document that
was saved in a different folder, locate and open the
folder.
• Click Create New. This document is created in the
folder that contains the original document.

• Formatting Documents.
You can use the Formatting toolbar show at the bottom
of the slide to format documents
Formatting a document Automatically
Automatically format as you type.
- On the Tools menu, click AutoCorrect Options,
and then click the AutoFormat As You Type tab.
Select or clear the options you want.
- Note You can undo formatting or turn options
on or off by clicking an option on the AutoCorrect
Options button. Depending on the situation, the
entire button may appear or the button may first
appear as a small, blue box that changes to a
button icon when you point to it.

• Formatting Documents
Formatting a document Automatically
Automatically format as after you type.
1. On the Format menu, click AutoFormat.
2. To choose which types of automatic changes
Microsoft Word makes, click Options, select or
clear the options you want, and then click OK.
3. Click a document type to apply the most
appropriate formatting.
4. Do one of the following:
To have Word automatically format the
document, click AutoFormat now.
To review and accept or reject each change, click
AutoFormat and review each change.

• Security and other features.
Most of the special features of Word are under the Tools
Menu. Here you will find the Protect Document action
which allows you to protect a document by enforcing:
- Formatting Restrictions
- Editing Restrictions
Once you have decided upon the restrictions you can

click “Yes, Start Enforcing Protection”
Another way to enforce security is to click on the Tools
Menu -> Click on Options -> Click Security and set a
password to:
- Open the Document
- Modify the Document
Note: This Dialog Box also shows you the Protect

Document Button under the security tab.

Microsoft Office Excel 2003 Pro Contd.
• Basic Functions
• Formatting Data
• Security and other features

Microsoft Office Excel Logo


Microsoft Office Excel 2003 Pro Contd
• There are 65536 Rows and 256 columns in Excel.
• The intersection of a row and a column is called a cell.
• The active cell has a dark border around it to indicate your
position in the worksheet. All text and numbers that you
type are inserted into the active cell. Click the mouse on a
cell to make it active.

• The Standard toolbar, located beneath the menu bar, has
buttons for commonly performed tasks like adding a column
of numbers, printing, sorting, and other operations. Excel
let's you customize the toolbar or even display multiple
toolbars at the same time.

• The formula bar is located beneath the toolbar at the top
of the Excel worksheet. Use the formula bar to enter and
edit worksheet data. The contents of the active cell always
appear in the formula bar. When you click the mouse in the
formula bar, an X and a check mark appear. You can click
the check icon to confirm and completes editing, or the X to
abandon editing.

• Row and Column headings. Letters and numbers identify the
rows and columns on an Excel spreadsheet. The intersection
of a row and a column is called a cell. Use row and column
headings to specify a cell's reference. cell For example, the
located where column B and row 7 intersect is called B7.

• An Excel workbook: consists of multiple worksheets. Use the
worksheet tabs at the bottom of the screen to navigate
between worksheets within a workbook.

• Changing column widths by dragging column borders

You can change column widths by dragging column borders
with the mouse. Move the mouse pointer to the right hand
border of the column you wish to change. The mouse pointer
will change shape to a left and right pointing arrow.
• Click and drag the mouse to adjust the column width. Note
that when you are adjusting the width in this way, a numeric
width indicator appears in the upper left part of the formula
bar.

• Formatting Data. The formatting toolbar can be used to
format the data. The picture at the bottom shows the
formatting toolbar.
• You can locate formatted data by using Find Format, and
can then change the data or its format as needed. To do
this click on the Edit Menu-> Click Find (CRTL + F).
• As a thumb rule align numbers to the centre and align
text to the left of the cell.

• Creating Formulas. To insert a formula into a cell,
begin the cell’s contents with an equal sign (=), and then
type the formula. Excel reads any expression that begins
with an equal sign as a calculation. You can edit a
formula in the Formula Bar at the top of the worksheet,
after clicking the cell that contains it.

• Creating Formulas. If Excel treats your formula as
text, make sure you haven’t accidentally put a space
before the equal sign. The equal sign must be the first
character! You can include a series of contiguous cells in
a formula by dragging from the first cell to the last cell
in the range. If the cells are not contiguous, hold down
the CTRL key, and click the cells to be included.
• Excel provides a list of predefined formulas, called
functions. You can insert a function into a formula that
you create by choosing from the list of functions in the
Insert Function dialog box. To do this click on the
Insert Menu and click on Function

• Creating Formulas.
– Some Common Functions
SUM Returns the sum of the numbers in the
specified cells
AVERAGE Finds the average of the numbers in the
specified cells
COUNT Finds the number of entries in the specified
cells
MAX Finds the largest value in the specified cells
MIN Finds the smallest value in the specified cells

Microsoft Office PowerPoint 2003 Pro
• Creating Presentations
• Slide Master
• Using Clip Arts.

Microsoft Office Outlook 2003 Pro
• Outlook Profiles
- Creating New Profiles
- Viewing or change existing profiles.
• Setting Up Signatures
• Cached Exchange Mode and OST files.
• Personal Folders (PST)
- What is a personal folder or a PST?
- Creating a PST
- Types of PST. Unicode and Non-Unicode
- Mapping and Existing PST
- Repairing Corrupt PST using inbox repair tool
(scanpst.exe)
- Changing Delivery Location to a PST.

Microsoft Office Outlook 2003 Pro Contd
• Rules and Alerts
– Client Side Rules
– Server Side Rules
• Out Of Office (OOO).
– What is Out Of Office Assistant?
– Setting UP Out Of Office Message?
• Distribution Lists (DL)
– What Is a DL?
– Global DL
– Personal DL
– Restricted DL
– System/Departmental DL

Microsoft Office Outlook 2003 Pro Contd
• Public Folders (PF)
– What is a Public Folder
– User Permissions
– Send As Permissions
• Application Mailbox.
– What is an Application Mailbox?
• Resource Mailbox.
– What is a Resource Mailbox
– Types of Resource Mailboxes.
• Contacts, Personal Address Book (PAB) and Global
Address List (GAL)
• Calendar
– Creating a Meeting Appointment in Outlook.
– Free/busy information.
• Delegates
Generic Troubleshooting
Guide

Troubleshooting a slow PC
• Check the virtual memory : Right click on My computer >

advances > Performance settings > Advanced TAB >
Change.
See the size of the virtual memory. It should be atleast 1.5
times the actual RAM. It can be maximized to 3 times the
actual RAM.
• Check for Prefetch files : Start > Run > prefetch.

Delete all the files in the folder that opens. These are
prefetch files created by applications which at times cause
them to open slowly.

Troubleshooting a slow PC
• Check for unwanted startup items : Start > Run >
msconfig. This will open the System Configuration Utility.
Click on Startup Tab.
Now uncheck the applications that the user does not need
at computer startup. Click on the Services Tab check the
option “Hide All Microsoft Services”. Now you can
safely uncheck unwanted services.
• Delete unwanted Temp files : Start > All Programs >

Accessories > System Tools > Disk Cleanup.
Select a drive, click OK, and wait for the quick analysis.
Click OK again, and you’ll empty the Recycle Bin, clear out
Internet Explorer’s cache, and empty all files from the
Temp folder that are more than a week old.

Level 2 & 3, Magnus Towers,
MindSpace, Malad (W), Mumbai - 400064
+1 972 403 3600
Stanly.vaz@eds.com / viral.parmar@eds.com or www.eds.com
EDS and the EDS logo are registered trademarks of Electronic Data Systems Corporation. EDS is an equal opportunity employer
and values the diversity of its people. © 2007 Electronic Data Systems Corporation. All rights reserved.

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Technical Training

Stanly Vaz & Viral Parmar

1 / August 2007 / EDS INTERNAL

2 / August 2007 / EDS INTERNAL

EDS Technical Training

• Microsoft office suite

EDS Technical Training

5 / August 2007 / EDS INTERNAL

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• Central Processing Unit (CPU)/Cabinet

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• Cabinet is the metal/plastic box that holds all the major

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• Is an electronic component with the base being a Printed

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• Motherboards can be categorized using the following as well:

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• Can be termed as the brain of a computer.

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• Two major competitors in the desktop PC market are Intel

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• Server system processors are manufactured by a lot of

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• A chipset is a group of integrated circuits, or chips, that are

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

• Random Access Memory is the working area used for

EDS Technical Training

• Different types of RAM available in the market : DRAM,

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

• Input/Output interface is the collection of interfaces that

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

• Storage interface is used for connecting storage devices

EDS Technical Training

• IDE – Integrated Development Environment

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

• Power supply is used according to the form factor in use,

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

• There are different slots available on the motherboard for

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

• Modern day motherboards have a lot of devices on-board

EDS Technical Training

• Keyboard is one of the critical parts of a computer without

EDS Technical Training

Wireless optical mouse Mechanical mouse

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

CRT Monitor TFT - LCD

EDS Technical Training

EDS Technical Training

38 / August 2007 / EDS INTERNAL

• Computer software is a program used to direct the operation

EDS Technical Training

• File system is a method of storing and organizing files and

EDS Technical Training