Physics Presentation:

Moon/Satelite
By Emilio B. 9E
 General Information
 The Moon is the only natural satellite of the planet
Earth. It was known as Luna to the Romans, Selene
and Artemis to the Greeks, and many other names
in other languages. Because of its size and rocky
composition, the moon has also been called a
terrestrial planet along with Mercury, Venus, Earth,
and Mars. It has no atmosphere, but there is water
ice in some deep craters. The moon is the only
extra-planetary body that a human has visited.
Besides the sun, the moon is the brightest object in
the sky and very easily seen with the naked eye.
Using a telescope, you can easily map out many of
the Lunar features.
Astronomical Information of The
Moon
 Mean RADIUS: 1738.1 km
 MASS: 0.0123 (Earth=1)
 DENSITY: 3350 (kg/m3)
 GRAVITY: 0.165 (Earth=1)
 ORBIT PERIOD: 27.3217 (Earth days)
 ROTATION PERIOD: 1.00 (Earth days)
 SEMIMAJOR AXIS OF ORBIT: 0.3844 X 106 km
 ECCENTRICITY OF ORBIT: 0.0549
 Satelites Definition
 Anything which orbits around something else is
called a satellite.
The Earth is a satellite of the Sun.
The Moon is a satellite of the Earth.
 Satellites are classified as natural or artificial.
Natural satellites are ones which exist without
people doing anything.
Artificial satellites have been built by people and
launched into orbit.
 A natural satellite of a planet is called a moon.
The Earth's natural satellite is called The Moon.
Some other planets also have moons (see Mars,
Jupiter, Saturn, Pluto).
 General Classification of
Satelites
 Satelliteswhich orbit the Earth
generally have one of two uses.
 1.  Telecommunications using a
geostationary orbit.
 2.  Gathering information using a
polar orbit.
 Geostationary Orbit
 Telecommunications use artificial satellites in a
geostationary orbit.
 The satellite is high above the Earth's surface (about
35,000 km)
over the equator.
It orbits the Earth once in 24 hrs,
the same time it takes for the Earth to spin on its axis.
The satellite is always exactly above the same point on the
Earth's surface.
Seen from the Earth, the satellite appears not to move.
This is what "geostationary" means.
"Geo" meaning Earth, "stationary" meaning it stays still.
 A geostationary satellite is used for telecommunications
because the signal transmitter and receiver can be fixed
to always point at the same spot in the sky.
Telecommunications satellites are used to transmit
telephone, radio and TV signals.
 Polar Orbit
 The polar orbit is closer to the Earth's surface than the
geostationary orbit.
The satellite in the polar orbit travels much faster.
One complete orbit may take as little as 3 or 4 hrs.
By the time that the satellite has made one orbit
the Earth will have turned beneath it.
The satellite sees a new section of the Earth with each orbit.
 This type of satellite is ideal for collecting information
for weather prediction or surveillance (spying) because
1.  It sees the whole surface each day.
2.  It is close enough to the Earth to get detailed and reliable
information.
 Conditions of The Moon
 The diameter of the moon is about ¼ that of the Earth.
It rotates about the Earth once in about 28 days.
It also spins on its axis once in this time
and so the same side of the moon is nearly always
facing the Earth.
 The surface temperature of the moon varies between
about 130°C and -170°C.
This large temperature range occurs
because the moon has almost no atmosphere to trap
heat.
 The moon has less gravity than the Earth because it
has less mass.
At the moon's surface,
gravity is about one sixth as strong as it is on Earth.
 Quiz
 1.A natural satellite of a planet is ?
 2. A satellite above the equator which
goes around at the same speed as the Earth turns
is in what type of orbit?
 3. A satellite in a polar orbit can be used for?
 4. Average surface temperature of the moon ?
 Answers
 1. the moon
 2.Geostationary orbit
 3.predicting the weather and
surveilance
 4.130°C-170°C