Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dargie
ZigBee
Dresden, 14.11.2006
Structure
Introduction
Concepts
Architecture
Implementation
Evaluation
Reference
History
ZigBee-Alliance
Decreasing
• Power consumption
– ZigBee: 10mA <==> BT: 100mA
• Production costs
– In the beginning of 2005
– ZigBee: 1.1 $ <==> BT: 3 $
• Development costs
– Codesize ZB/codesize BT = ½
• Bit-error-rate (BER)
Increasing
• Sensitivity
– ZigBee: -92dbm(0,63pW) <==> BT: -82dbm(6,2pW)
• flexibility
– No. of supported nodes
– ZigBee: 65536 (in a mesh) <==> BT: 7 (in a star)
• Security
– ZigBee: AES (128bit) <==> BT: SAFER (64/128bit)
• Latency requirements
– ZigBee: optional guaranteed time slot
• Range
– ZigBee: up to 75 m in LOS condition <==> BT: 10 m
TU Dresden, 12.11.06 ZigBee – Short range comunication slide 9 of 56
Usage Scenarios
• Consumer electronics
• PC & periphals
• home/building automation
Profiles:
Definition of ZigBee-Profiles
• describes a common language for exchanging data
• defines the offered services
• device interoperatbility across different manufacturers
• Standard profiles available from the ZigBee Alliance
• profiles contain device descriptions
• unique identifier (licensed by the ZigBee Alliance)
• initiates network
• routing functionality
• optional component
Device Discovery
Binding
1. Data is periodic
2. Data is intermittent
1. Beacon mode:
• beacon send
periodically
• Lowest energy
consumption
1. Non-Beacon mode:
• coordinator/routers
needed)
• heterogeneous
network
picture taken from [1]
• asymmetric power
Mesh-Topology
Tree-Topology
Medium
Binary Data Bit
Diff. BPSK
to
Encoder Mod.
Chip
• Beacon/Nonbeacon
• Define Superframe structure
• Slotted/unslotted CSMA-CA
Managing PANs
Transfer handling
Frame security
4
1
6
0
5
2
7
3
?2 0
6 4
5
Routing cost
Route discovery
Route discovery
RREQ
RREP
1 2 3
5 2
1 4
Routing
Application Framework:
• Specifies Datatypes
• Devices describe themselves by ZigBee descriptor:
– frequency band
– power description
– application flags
– application version
– serial number
– manufacturer
– ...
Supported Data-types
Pros Cons
• Only a prototype
• control electrical
appliances
humidity
[2] “Designing with 802.15.4 and ZigBee”, Presentation Slides, available on ZigBee.org
[5] “Network Layer Overview”, Presentation Slides, Ian Marsden, Embedded Systems Show,
Birmingham, October 12th, 2006, 064513r00ZB_MG_Network_Layer_Overview.pdf, available
on ZigBee.org
[6] “Designing a ZigBee Network”, Presentation Slides, David Egan, Ember Corporation, ESS
2006, Birmingham, 064516r00ZG_MG_Network_Design.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
[7] “ZigBee Architecture Overview”, Presentation Slides, Oslo, Norway June 2005,
ZigBee_Architecture_and_Specifications_Overview.pdf, available on ZigBee.org
[8] “Low Power Consumption Features of the IEEE 802.15.4/ZigBee LR-WPAN Standard”,
http://www.cens.ucla.edu/sensys03/sensys03-callaway.pdf
[11] “Introduction to the ZigBee Application Framework”, Presentation Slides, ZigBee Open
House, San Jose, June 15th, 2006, 053340r06ZB_AFG-Overview-ZigBee-Open-House.pdf,
TU Dresden,
available 12.11.06
on ZigBee.org ZigBee – Short range comunication slide 55 of 56
Thank you
for
your attention!