ACICENNISM

Created by Ibnu Sina

 Upbringing
• Avicenna, or commonly known as Ibnu Sina is a Islam
Persian
• He was an astronomer, chemist, Maktab teacher and etc.
• He was born in Afshana during c. 980.
• He studied at Bukhara.
• His thought was served by an extraordinary intelligence
and memory, which allows him to overtake his teacher
at the age of fourteen
• He was a child prodigy by the age of 10 because he was
able to memorize al-Quran.
• He learnt a lot of things that aid him in his future path
• He then later took up medicine at the age of 16
on his own account because he discovered new
methods of treatment.
• He was a qualified physician when he was 18
years old.
• The remaining of his 10 or 12 years were spent in
the service of Abu Ja’far ‘Ala Addaula, whom he
accompanied as physician and general literary
and scientific advisor.
• He died in June 1037, in his fifty-eighth year, in
the month of Ramadan
• He was buried in Hamedan, Iran
Avicennism
• Is actually a school which began during the
middle of the Islamic Golden Age
• Founded by Avicenna (Ibnu Sina)
• He was the one who attempted to redefine the
course of early Islamic philosophy and channel it
into new directions
• Avicennism is also used in many areas like logic,
epistemology, psychology, science and etc.
 ACICENNISM in Education
• An elementary school was known as a ‘maktab’
• A ‘maktab’ was often attached to a mosque
• In the 11th century, Ibnu Sina, wrote a chapter in his book
dealing with the ‘maktab’ entitled “ The Role of the Teacher in
the Training and Upbringing of Children”
• It works as a guide to the teacher working in ‘maktab’ school
• He wrote that children can learn better if taught in class
instead of individual learning from private tutors.
• He gave a numbers of reason why this is the case
• He also described the curriculum of a ‘maktab’ school in some
detail
• In Primary Education
• Children should be sent to a ‘maktab’ school at
the age of 6
• They should be taught until they reach the age
of 14
• During that period, they should learn
• Al-Quran
• Islamic metaphysics
• Language
• Literature
• Islamic ethnics
• Manual skills
• In Secondary Education
• As the period of specialization
• Where the students will acquire manual skills,
regardless of their social status
• The children after the age of 14 should be
given a choice to choose and specialize in
subjects they have an interest in
• He mentioned that this was a transitional stage
and that there needs to be flexibility regarding
the age
• Because the students’ emotional development and
chosen subjects need to be taken into account
Naturalism
By Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Upbringing
• Jean-Jacques Rousseau, born 28th June, 1712
• Genevan philosopher, writer and composer of 18th-century
Romanticism
• His political philosophy deeply influenced the educational
thought
• His main interest were education, political philosophy, music,
literature and autobiography
• He died aged 66 in France, 2nd July 1778
Naturalism in Education
• More on developing the pupil’s character and
moral sense rather than imparting information
and concepts of particular things
• Believed that children raised in the countryside
has more natural and healthy environment
• Children learn right and wrong through
experiencing the consequences of their acts
rather than physical punishment
• Rousseau divides childhood into stages:
• The age of about 12
• When the children are guided by their emotions
and impulses
• 12 to 16
• Reason starts to develop
• The age of 16 onwards
• The child develops into an adult
• Young adult should learn a manual skill such as
carpentry
Difference between
ACICENNISM
and
NATURALISM
 ACICENNISM NATURALISM

• Child development starts • Starts at the age of 12

at the age of 6 • Learn through the
• Learns all the basics mistakes that they had
need of knowledge made