NATURAL

SCIENCE 1
CHEMISTRY
PART
DR. IRENE M. VILLASENOR

Institute of Chemistry
UP Diliman
 SOME POLICIES
 CHEMISTRY EXAMINATIONS: 13 May 2005
FRIDAY (100 points); 19 May 2005
THURSDAY (100 points)
 EXEMPTION GRADE: 50%, 3.0
 MISSED ONE EXAM: Double the FINALS
 MISSED ONE EXAM AND FINALS: Grade of
INC if average is passing; grade of 5.0 if average
is failing
 MISSED TWO EXAMS: Score of zero for 2nd
missed exam.
 SOME POLICIES
Class will start on time. Dismissal 10-15
minutes before the time.
You may ask questions at any point during
the lecture.
During exams: you may look upward for
inspiration, downward in desperation but
not sideways for information.
Turn off all electronic gadgets.
CHEMISTRY IS
THE CENTRAL
SCIENCE.
 CHEMISTRY
Deals with the study of matter :
Chemistry
classification
properties
changes / transformations
energy involved in its transformations
 MATTER

 Matter is anything that occupies space and

has mass.
 Matter is the material of the universe.

 Mass is a measure of the quantity of

matter.
 Weight is the gravitational force of
attraction exerted by the earth on a body.
 TYPES OF MATTER

Pure Substances Mixtures

Homogeneous Heterogeneous
Elements mixtures mixtures
Compounds
Colloids
 TYPES OF MATTER
SUBSTANCES - definite composition and
properties

 ELEMENTS - simplest type of matter

 COMPOUNDS -combination of elements

in a definite ratio
molecules
Salt Crystals
ionic compounds
• This scanning electron micrograph shows pure salt,
or sodium chloride, that has been recrystallized from
distilled water. The crystal is built up from a cubic
lattice of sodium an chloride ions.
 TYPES OF MATTER

MIXTURES
• Homogeneous mixtures – true solutions
made up of only one phase
indefinite composition and properties
• Heterogeneous mixtures
made up of two or more phases
indefinite composition and properties
• Colloids
intermediate phase
 Test yourself !

Can you tell the type of matter

in each number?
1. Baking soda
2. Smoke
3. Table sugar
4. Deionized water
5. Brass door knob
6. Key
7. Salt
 PROPERTIES OF MATTER

Physical properties
Chemical properties

Intrinsic Properties :
Independent of the amount of material
Extrinsic Properties :
Dependent on the amount of material
 Test yourself !

Can you tell the property of matter

in each number?
1. Density
2. Size
3. Volume
4. Reactivity with water
5. Decomposition upon heating
6. Solubility in water
7. Melting point
 CHANGES THAT MATTER
UNDERGO
PHYSICAL CHANGES No change in the composition of matter
 W
A
T
E
R

CYCLE

Four stages: storage (in oceans and lakes, in river

channels, and in the ground), evaporation,
precipitation (water vapor in the air condenses and
falls to the ground as rain, snow, ice pellets, or hail)
and runoff (movement of water downhill, water flowing
 CHANGES THAT MATTER
UNDERGO
CHEMICAL CHANGES
change in the composition of matter
both intrinsic and extrinsic
properties are changed
represented by a chemical
reaction
 TYPES OF CHEMICAL
REACTIONS
 Synthesis
A+B→C
 Decomposition
C→A+B
 Single displacement
AD + B → AB + D
 Double displacement
Pb(NO3)2 + 2KI 
AD + CB → AB + CD PbI2 + 2KNO3
 Test yourself !

 Can you tell whether the ff is a chemical or a

physical change?

3. Bronze statue becomes green

4. Wood floats in water
5. Ripening of mangoes
6. Digestion of food in the stomach
7. Slab of marble feels cool
8. Corrosion
If you wish to drown
yourself, do not do it in
shallow waters.

- Zen proverb