S.V.

Polytechnic Collage,Bho

Computer Science & Eng

Presentation on VIRUS

Guided by-- Submitted by --

Mr. Kamalesh RAVINDRA KUMAR
Azad sir. GAWHADE
Branch– C.S.E.
IInd sem., Ist year
VIRUS:-
A computer virus is a software program with the
ability to reproduce or clone , itself , intended to
damage your computer system without your knowledge
or permission.
A virus may attach itself to another program, or
to the partition table or the boot track on your hard disk.
When a certain event occurs, a date passes ,or a specific
program executes , the virus is triggered into action.
Not all viruses are harmful; some are just annoying.
Types of VIRUS:-
 Boot sector virus
 File Infector / Program virus
 Multipartite virus
 Polymorphic virus
 Stealth virus
 Macro virus
1. Boot sector viruses:-
These viruses reside in specific areas of the disk
that are read and executed at boot time.They infeet floppy
disk boot records or Master Boot Records (MBRs) in hard
disk. They replace the boot record program (Which
responsible for loading the operating system in memory)
copying it else where on the disk or overwriting it. Boot
viruses load into memory if the computer tries to read the
disk while it is booting.

Examples–
Form, Disk killer , Michelangelo and store virus.
2.File Infector/Program viruses:-
These infect executable program files, such as
those with extension like .BIN, .COM .EXE, .OVL, .DRV
(driver) and .SYS (device drives). These program are
loaded in memory during execution, taking the virus with
them. The virus becomes active in memory, making copies
of itself and infecting files on disk.

Examples–
Sunday, Cascade.
3. Multipartite viruses:-
A hybrid of boot and program viruses. They
infect program files and when the infected program is
executed , these viruses infect the boot record , When
you boot the computer next time the virus from the boot
record loads in memory and then starts infecting other
program files on disk.

Examples—
Invader, Flip and Tequila.
4. Stealth viruses:-
These viruses use certain techniques to avoid
detection. They may either redirect the disk head to read
another sector instead of the one in which they reside or
they may alter the reading of the infected files size shown
in directory listing.
For instance , the Whale virus adds 9216 bytes to
an infected file ; then the virus subtracts the same number
of bytes (9216) from the size given in the directory.

Examples–
Frodo , Joshi ,Whale.
5. Polymorphic viruses:-
A virus that can encrypt its code in different ways
so that it appears differently in each infection.These
viruses are more difficult to detect.

Examples—
Involuntary, Stimulate, Cascade, Phoenix,
Evil, Proud, Virus 101.
6. Macro viruses:-
A macro virus is a new type of computer virus that
infects the macros within a document or template. When
you open a word processing or spreadsheet document, the
macro virus is activated and it infect the normal template
(Normal .dot ) a general purpose file that stores default
document formatting setting.
Every document you open refers to the normal
template, and hence gets infected with the macro virus.
Since this virus attaches itself to documents, the infection
can spread if such documents are opened on other
computers.

Examples—DMW, Nuclear, Word concept.

 ANTIVIRUS

DEFINITION OF ANTIVIRUS:-

Antivirus
is a program or a set of program by
which we can recover the lost data or
destroy the virus programs.
 NAME OF SOME ANTIVIRUSES-

 Norton Antivirus
 Mcafee Virus Scan
 F-Secure Antivirus
 Sophos Antivirus
 Norman virus control
 Esafe protect
 Command Antivirus
 PC-Cilline
Tips for safe computing:-
1. Write-protect your floppy disk when using them on
other computer.
2. Remove floppy disk from drives while booting.
3. Use a good anti-virus program to scan floppy disks
before copying files.
4. Install software only from original write protected disk
with the publisher’s label.
5. Do not install pirated software, especially computer
games.
6. Activate watch-guard programs(monitors) that look out
for suspicious activity.
1. Scan the entire hard disk twice a month.
2. Change a setting in the BIOS that enables your PC to
boot from the C-drive first.
9. Use the update service offered by soft-ware vendor and
update the anti-virus software every month.
10. Prepare a rescue disk with critical system files.Preferable
, it should be bootable.
11. Keep the original CD-ROM or diskettes containing the
operating system handy.
12. Scan files downloaded from the Internet or those
transferred through a network.
 Virus Symptoms:-
1. Program take longer to load. Memory- intensive
operations slow down.
2. Increased use of disk space and growth in file size- the
virus attaches itself to many files.
3. A change in dates against the filenames in the
directory.When the virus modifies a file the operating
system changes the date stamp.
4. The floppy disk or hard disk is suddenly accessed
without logical reason.
5. Abnormal write-protect errors. The virus trying to write
to a protected disk.
1. Strange characters appear in the directory listing of
filenames. The virus stores itself in the data area of a
disk, disguising itself as a file.
3. Strange messages like “Your PC is stoned” (Stoned
Virus) or “Wazzu” appear on the screen and in
documents.
4. Strange graphic displays such as falling letters or a
bouncing ball appear on screen (caused by DOS-based
viruses).
5. Programs may hang the computer or not work at all. The
virus corrupts the program code.
6. Junk characters overwrite text in document or data files.
Presented by—
Ravindra Kumar Gawhade.