COMPUTER AIDED INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS

BUNAWAN NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Volume I

By: Mr. Arnelson C Derecho

ARITHMETIC SERIES

Candle lightingA celebration

The African-American

celebration of Kwanzaa involves the lighting of candles every night for seven nights. The first night one candle is lit and blown out.

The second night a new

candle and the candle from the first night are lit and blown out. The third night a new candle and the two candles from the second night are lit and blown out.

This process continues for

the seven nights. We want to know the total number of lightings during the seven nights of celebration.

Arithmetic Series ARITHMETIC SERIES

Arithmetic Series For every sequence, there is an associated sum called a series.

1, 4, 7, Arithmetic Sequence 1 + 4 + 7 + Arithmetic Series

An arithmetic series is the sum of the terms of an arithmetic sequence.

Arithmetic Series
Sn is the symbol used to

represent the first n terms of a series. Given the sequence 1, 11, 21, 31, 41, 51, 61, 71, find S4 We add the first four terms 1 + 11 + 21 + 31 = 64

Arithmetic Series
What if we wanted to find

S100 for the sequence in the last example. It would be a pain to have to list all the terms and try to add them up. Lets figure out a formula!! :)

Sum of Arithmetic Series

Lets find S7 of the sequence 1,

2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, If we add S7 in too different orders we get: S7 = 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 + 7 S7 = 7 + 6 + 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 2S7 = 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8 + 8

Sum of Arithmetic Series

S7 =7/2(8) What do these numbers

mean? 7 is n, 8 is the sum of the first and last term (a + tn) n/ (a + t ) So Sn = 2 n

The General Arithmetic Sequence

In general, the sum of an arithmetic series may be written as:

n sn a t n 2
n - number of terms a - first term tn - last term

Use this when you know the first term, last term, and the number of terms. tn = a + (n - 1)d

n Sn a a (n 1)d 2
tn
Use this when you dont know the last term.

n sn 2a n 1d 2

Note:
To write out a series and

compute a sum can sometimes be very tedious. Mathematicians often use the greek letter sigma & summation notation to simplify this task.
EXAMPLE

The Sum of the General Arithmetic Series Consider the series: 3 + 7 + 11 + 15 + 19 + 23 S6 = 78 S6 = 3 + 7 + 11 + 15 + 19 + 23 S6 = 23 + 19 + 15 + 11 + 7 + 3

2S6 = 26 + 26 + 26 + 26 + 26 + 26 = 6 (26) = 6 (3 + 23) Number of terms

6 S6 3 23 2
First term of the sequence

in the sequence

In general:

Last term of the sequence

n (a + tn) Sn = 2

The General Arithmetic Sequence

In general, the sum of an arithmetic series may be written as:

n sn a t n 2
n - number of terms a - first term tn - last term

Use this when you know the first term, last term, and the number of terms. tn = a + (n - 1)d

n Sn a a (n 1)d 2
tn
Use this when you dont know the last term.

n sn 2a n 1d 2

Finding the Sum of an Arithmetic Series Find the sum of the first 12 terms of 27 + 24 + 21 + .

n sn 2a n 1d 2

S12 = 12[2(27) + (12 - 1)(-3)] 2 The sum of the = 6[54 - 33] first 12 terms = 6(21) is 126. = 126 Determine the sum of 5 + 9 + 13 + . + 33. n sn a t n a=5 tn = a + (n-1)d The sum 2 d = 4 33 = 5 + (n - 1)(4) 8 tn = 33 33 = 5 + 4n - 4 s8 5 33 is 152. 2 32 = 4n = 4(38) 8=n = 152

a = 27 n = 12 d = -3

Finding the Sum of an Arithmetic Series Find the sum of all the multiples of 6 between 24 and 396. 24 + 30 + 36 + . + 396 tn = a + (n - 1)d 396 = 24 + (n - 1)(6) 396 = 24 + 6n - 6 396 = 18 + 6n 378 = 6n 63 = n
a = 24 d=6 tn = 396

n sn a t n 2 63 s63 24 396 2
S63 = 13 230

The sum of the multiples is 13 230.

TRY THIS..

Find the S5 for 3,7,11,15

A.50 C. 40

B. 55
SOLUTION

D. 60

NICE TRY

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Find the S5 for 3,7,11,15 3+7+11+15+19=5 55 or 5/2(3+19)=55

Find the S3 for 10, 8, 6...

ANSWER

______

SOLUTION

24
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Find the S3 for 10, 8, 6 10+8+6 =24