JAIPUR NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

A PRESENTATION ON LEADERSHIP
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY :

Miss Sita Sharma

PRIYANK SHARMA M Pharm. 1ST sem.

Leadership

Management is about arranging & telling. Leadership is about nurturing & enhancing.
Thomas J. Peters

Leadership is a process whereby a person

inspires a group of constituents to work together

using appropriate means to achieve common mission or common goals.

Leadership is a set of qualities or characteristics

attributed to those who are perceived to successfully employ such characteristics

Leadership
The ability to persuade others to seek defined objectives - Keith Davis

Leadership- is the interaction between leader, follower, and a specific situation

Leader

Follower

LEADERSHIP

Situation

Leadership Vs. Management

Differences:
Management : establishing system & structure focus on efficiency, methods, procedures, policies. focus on bottom line Controlling and monitoring, planning, organizing. leadership : deals with vision focus on effectiveness and results Inspires and motivates.

Leaders Vs. Managers

Leaders
Emerges Wields Power

Managers
Appointed Wields Authority

Innovate
Develop Inspire Long-term view Ask what and why Originate Challenge the status quo Do the right thing

Administer
Maintain Control Short-term view Ask how and when Initiate Accept the status quo Do things right

Leadership Skills
Organizational Levels

Top

CONCEPTUAL

Middle

HUMAN

Supervisor TECHNICAL

Knowledge & Skills Required

LEADERSHIP THEORIES

Approaches to Leadership
Charismatic Approach Traits Approach Behavioral Approach Contingency Approach

Charismatic Leadership
Key Characteristics: 1. Vision and articulation

2. Personal risk
3. Environmental sensitivity 4. Sensitivity to follower needs 5. Unconventional behavior

Charismatic theory :
Great man theory A leader is born , not made Can not enhanced by training , education Charisma (gift) attribute in a person Act as inspire , influencer . High level of self confidence , dominance , strong conviction . Ability to convince followers . Qualities are of personal nature, can not shared by others.

Trait Theories
Involves discerning how to be a leader by examining the characteristics and methods of recognized leaders. Leadership traits are not inborn .
traits can be learned by training or experience Some traits are particularly suited to leadership. Intelligence, attitude, personality as ingredients of effective leaders.

A successful leader :
physical and constitutional factor (height, weight, physique, energy, ) sociability, will ( initiative, ambition) surgency (cheerfulness, geniality, alertness, expressiveness. Supersiver ability, achievement motivation, self actualizing, self assurance. creativity, flexibility, builds teamwork, lives the values.

Traits of Successful Leaders

Trait/ Characteristic Description
Drive Honesty and integrity Leadership motivation Self-confidence Cognitive ability Desire for achievement; ambition; high energy; tenacity; initiative Trustworthy; reliable; open Desire to exercise influence over others to reach shared goals

Trust in own abilities

Intelligence; ability to integrate and interpret large amounts of information Knowledge of industry, relevant technical matters Originality Ability to adapt to needs of followers and requirements of situation

Knowledge of the business Creativity Flexibility

Behavioral Theories
Successful leadership is based in definable, learnable behavior.

Focus on what leaders actually do

Studies under behavioral approach The Ohio State Studies The University of Michigan Studies Managerial Grid Scandinavian Studies

Strong leadership : effective behavior Shown by a person act more than his traits To operate effectively, gp. Need 2 functions: task related or problem solving gp. maintenance function : individual feel valued by group. Leadership behaviour : in two ways I. Functional : influence followers, motivating for goal achievement, team building, effective two way communication. II. Dysfunctional : unfavorable to followers, ineffective leadership, poor human relationship

Contingency Theories
No one best way of leading
Leader's ability to lead is contingent upon various situational factors

Five Contingency Models

Fiedlers Contingency Model Hersey & Blanchards Situational Theory

Leader Member Exchange Theory

Leadership Participation Model Path Goal Theory

In a given situation in which leadership is exercised. Effectiveness of leadership will be affected by factors : factors affecting leadership effectiveness : 1. Leaders behaviour a. Leaders characteristics' : attitude, interest, motivation, physical characteristics'. 2. Situational factors : a. subordinate character b. leaders situation : depends on leader position power and leader subordinate relation.

Hersey & Blanchards Situational Theory

Different situations demand different
kinds of leadership Being an effective leader requires that an individual adapt her/his style to the demands of different situations

Directive and supportive dimension

Situational Leadership Styles

High Relationship Behavior (amount of support required) Participating Selling

Telling Delegating

Low

Low

Task Behavior (amount of guidance required) High

Hersey & Blanchards Situational Theory

LEADERSHIP STYLES

Leadership Styles
Autocratic Leadership
Consultative Leadership

Laissez Faire/ free rein

Expert Leadership

Likerts Four Systems of Management

1. 2. 3. 4.

Exploitative- Authoritative Benevolent Authoritative Consultative Style Participative Style

Transactional & Transformational Leadership

Contingent Reward Management by Exception Laissez-Faire

Charisma Inspiration Intellectual Stimulation Individual Consideration

THANK

YOU