CAMPAIGN TO COMBAT OBESITY IN RURAL AREA

VINOEDH NAIDU RAJA GOPAL BACHELOR OF PHARMACY LA TROBE UNIVERSITY

This presentation includes:

Introduction

Facts about obesity

Community activities or events to be

carried out Plan on how to do follow up Media to approach Legislative information Authorities involved

Name : ATTACK OBESITY 2.0 (BMI 23) Theme : PHARMACISTS DYNAMIC SOCIETY PROGRESSIVE Place : Hulu Langat, Selangor. Duration : 2 days (8am-6pm) Date: 24th and 25th march Collaboration : Nutrition Society Malaysia (NSM) Majlis Cegah Obesity Malaysia (MCOM) Solvay Pharma Malaysia Nestle (nutrition)

Body Mass Index (BMI)

BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)2
Normal Weight (BMI 18.5 to 24.9) Overweight (BMI 25 to 29.9) Obese Severely Obese (BMI 30 to 34.9) (BMI 35 to 39.9 ) Morbidly Obese (BMI > 40) Super Obese (BMI > 50)

Body Mass Index and Mortality Risk

 The epidemic of obesity took off from about 1980 and in almost all countries has been rising inexorably ever since. Only in 1997 did WHO accept that this was a major public health

problem.
Based on similar BMI cut-off points, the Second National Health and Morbidity Survey of Malaysia reported the prevalence of obesity and overweight as 4.4% and 16.6%, respectively, in a survey undertaken between 1994 and 1996 involving more than 30000 subjects aged 18 years

and older.
urban rural 17.4% 15.5%

The present study shows an increase in the prevalence of pre-obese and obese rural adults over the past few decades.
Overall, approximately one in five men and one in four women are preobese, while another 4% of the men and 10% of the women are obese.

 The numbers of pre-obese and obese men and women

were found to be highest in the 40-49 years age group. The prevalence of obesity in Malaysia appears to be higher than the levels in other Asian countries such as Thailand, China and Japan but lower than for Western Pacific countries such as Australia and New Zealand.

Obesity is also related to chronic diseases including coronary heart disease , diabetes mellitus and gall bladder disease.
The latest study showed that the problems of chronic

energy deficiency and overweight exist side by side in adults from rural communities .
Obesity is no longer an urban problem but has extended to rural communities!!

 unhealthy diet often faced with limited selection and higher cost for

fresh fruits and vegetables than consumers in urban areas distance and limited transportation options, shopping for healthy food lack nutrition information that would help them to choose a healthier diet lack of exercise

 There is an Obesity Gene (Ob) whose gene product is Leptin Leptin is a protein hormone that plays a key role in regulating energy intake and energy expenditure, including appetite and metabolism. Leptin circulates at a level proportional to body fat Leptin enters the nervous system in proportion to its plasma concentration Leptin receptors in brain neurones regulate energy expenditure and energy intake.

Increase LEPTIN promotes a negative Energy Balance when Energy Expenditure > Food Intake
Decrease LEPTIN promotes a positive Energy

balance when Food Intake > Energy Expenditure

there are three general ways in which

alterations of the leptin regulatory loop could lead to obesity. failure to produce leptin inappropriately low leptin secretion for a given fat mass obesity could result from relative or absolute insensitivity to leptin at its site of action. differences in leptin production and leptin sensitivity could be the result of genetic, environmental and psychological factors.

 Generally the Fat Cell Mass

expands until a set point of normal level is achieved. In some cases, the fat mass would expand until 'normal' leptin levels are reached, resulting in obesity

GENETICS

PHYSICAL EXERCISE

AGE

Television watching

Failure of education

Access to nutritionists
Rural areas have difficulties attracting nutritionists

Social and economic issues

Certain social and economic issues may be linked to obesity for example:
may not have been taught healthy ways of cooking

may not have the financial means to buy fresh fruits and vegetables or foods

that arent processed and packaged.

PREVENTION
Low calorie diet, increased physical activity and behavioral therapy.

Be Active Moderate exercises for thirty minutes Drink Plenty Of Water help to detoxify all the impurities present in the system.

What your body needs

A Balanced Diet

2007 Illinois State Medical Society 34

Stay Away From Junk Food

Diet
Balanced, with fruits, vegetables and whole

grains included in it. An obese adult should have at least five servings of low-sugar fruits and vegetables on a day. Avoid fruits and vegetables that are high in calories, like mango Fat-lowering school food service Nutrition and physical exercise counseling programs

Good Food, Good Life

-Test for BMI, body fat, cholesterol level, blood pressure

-Thyroid function tests: check for hypothyroidism (which is a secondary cause of obesity)
-

Blood and organ donation campaign (Daftar Penderma Organ Nasional)

Educational programmes on healthy nutrition and the promotion of the balanced diet. - (Pusat Promosi Kesihatan Komuniti)
-

- A community educational programme involving the preparation of recipes based on the food pyramid.

Food pyramid

- Talks

on healthy diets school and wellness center

- Community walking clubs, Support groups for weight management Exercise classes, organizing hiking activities - Games tariktali, aerobik dance, sports 4 fitness (optional)

- Ultimate Futsal Challenge Obesity Free (target group BIM>23)

- Obesity explorace

- Say No To Obesity Less Sugar And Walk More

- Kayuhan sihat tanpa cholestrol (TARGET : CHILDREN)

- Visits may not need to occur as frequently during follow-up as during the initial weight-loss phase
-

Health care centres should keep patient's records (Klinik Kesihatan Hulu Langat)

- Routine check up on obese patient- to check on their weight progress and as well providing counselling on proper balanced diet

- Check up also includes in making sure patient does not starve just to reduce their weight-misconception of diet
- Some may not adhere to the weight lose program, increasing weight might lead to possibilities of surgery or other complications admittance to hospital - Inpatient evaluations

MEDIA TO APPROACH
Health Awareness Association Majlis Belia Selangor Daerah Hulu Langat Persatuan Belia Indipenden Gerakan Belia 4B Malaysia Cawangan Setia Dusun Tua, Hulu Langat. 5. Persatuan Kaunseling Malaysia 6. Persatuan Belia Hulu Langat 7. Persatuan Kesihatan Mental Malaysia 8. Kelab Kebudayaan Dan Kesukanan Sri Nilam Hulu Langat Selangor 9. Kelab Belia Sukses 10.Persatuan Gagasan Generasi Belia Gemilang 11.Persatuan Belia Sungai Makau Hulu Langat 12.Persatuan Masyarakat Sihat Malaysia 13. Kelab Sukan Komuniti Dinamik
1. 2. 3. 4.

LEGISLATIVE APPROACH.
1. Permission from college authorities. 2. Permission from head of the village

3. Sponsor letters 4. Request letter to companies/agents to open booth 5. Request to local associations/organizations for collaboration.

SPONSORS

AUTHORITIES INVOLVED
HULU LANGAT politician (closing ceremony) Healthcare professionals (pharmacist,

nutritionist) Volunteers Dean from School of Pharmacy, college staffs Police and traffic for safety

PUBLICITY
BANNER BUNTING FLYERS

OUTPUT
With assistance and cooperation of all parties, this project will surely become the hottest talk-of-the-town. The health awareness regarding obesity among rural community can be achieved as this project is trusted to give maximum impact. STOP NOT TILL THE GOAL IS NOT ACHIEVED !!!

Promised in 30 days or money back

References
CPG on management of Obesity (2004), MOH Clinical Guidelines on the Identification, Evaluation, and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Adults: Executive Summary National Heart Blood and Lung Institute http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/ Electronic Textbook Obesity Guidelines American Society for Bariatric Surgery(2005) International Journal of Obesity (2003) 27, 1167-1177. due:10.1038/sj.ijo.080239

 Obesity: Web MD, 2012, viewed at 10 March http://www.webmd.com/diet/guide/what-isobesity Rural Assistance Center: Obesity and Weight Control Frequently Asked Questions, 2011, viewed 13 March 2012, http://www.raconline.org/topics/obesity/obesity faq.php Obesity (Follow-up) : eMedicine.com, 2011, viewed 13 March 2012, http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/123702treatment

THANK YOU