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Definitions
Rest: is a condition in which the body is in a decreased state of activity without emotional stress and freedom from anxiety. Sleep: is a state of rest accompanied of altered level of consciousness and relative inactivity, and perception to environment are decreased. Types of Sleep: 1. NREM sleep (Non-Rapid Eye Movement sleep) (70-80%) 2. REM sleep (Rapid Eye Movement Sleep) (recur every 90 min and lasts for 5-30 min)
Functions of Sleep:
Promoting general health.
Ensuring recovery from illness. Aid in healing process. Increase ability to learn and concentration and recalling knowledge. Help person to be socially stable.
Environmental factors
Illness Medications
Dyssomnias
Insomnia: difficulty falling asleep Hypersomnia: excessive sleep Narcolepsy: excessive daytime sleepiness Sleep apnea: absence of breathing between snoring intervals Restless leg syndrome Sleep deprivation
Parasomnias
Somnambulism: sleep walking Sleep talking Bruxism: grinding & clenching of teeth during sleeping Enuresis: bed-wetting
Nonpharmacologic therapy
Stimulus control Sleep restriction Sleep hygiene Cognitive therapy Relaxation therapy
Remove any irritants against patients skin such as moist or wrinkled sheets