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Thyristors
MSF 1433
Content
General
Characteristics How
it works?
Advantages Applications
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What is Thyristors?
SCR Diac
Triac Thyristor s
GTO MCT
IGCT
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The oldest member of this family is Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR). it widely used, the word thyristor has become synonymous with it. SCR
Because
Thyristors
Definition
: A controlled electronic switch (can only be turned on/off electronically) of 4 layers of differently doped
Consists 5/25/12
Thyristor Family
Device Name Description Feature SCR Rectifier One way with control switch gate Function Phase control switching
Triac
Two inverse Two way AC Phase parallel switch control SCRs switching Two way triggering device Triac and Low voltage Switching VBO trigger Phase
Diac
Quadrac 5/25/12
General Idea
Consider this circuit and observe the switch. Thyristor is just like a switch before the gate signal is applied.
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When a triggering signal is applied, the switch turns ON and current starts to flow.
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Characteristics
Symbol
Has
anode and cathode terminals like diode there is an additional terminal triggering signal are applied
But,
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I-V Characteristics
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I-V Characteristics
SCR
When
gate signal is applied, SCR made sufficiently forward biased to cross holding current limit, it starts to conduct. in conduction state, it continues to conduct even the gate is removed. technique ~ commutation
Once
Special
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methods
Anode current interruption method (turn OFF the switch) Forced commutation method(reverse polarity battery is connected, so current through SCR is decreased and turn off)
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I-V Characteristics
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How It Works?
J 1 J 2 J 3
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has 4 layers of pn junction device Without any application voltage, it has 3 diffusion region (J1, J2,J3)
How It Works?
If we apply +ve at anode with respect to cathode, J1 and J3 become forward biased while J2 in reverse biased. This will remain until a +ve signal is applied at the gate terminal.
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How It Works?
So,
when +ve signal is applied at the gate, J2 will turns to forward biased state and current starts to flow.
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Revealed that it actually made up of PNP and NPN transistor. Collector is connected to the base of 2nd. is connected to the base of NPN transistor.
Gate 5/25/12
On application of signal, the NPN transistor conducts sending a signal to the base of PNP transistor + which in turn conducts and send another 5/25/12 signal to base
Simple to use Cheap to buy Easy to build (thyristor circuits) Able to handle the voltage and current required for high power applications Has good thermal properties
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Applications
Series
Battery
Temperature Emergency
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If the switch is closed as shown in the Fig. 20.11b, a gate current will flow during the positive portion of the input signal, turning the SCR on. A half-wave series static switch is shown in Fig. 20.11a.
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Resistor R1 limits the magnitude of the gate current. the SCR turns on, the anode-to cathode voltage (VF) will drop to the gate circuitry.
When For
the negative region of the input signal, the SCR will turn off since the anode is 5/25/12 negative with respect to the cathode.
With SCR2 open, the SCR1 controlling circuit 5/25/12 is exactly the same as the series static switch
When the full-wave-rectifier input is sufficiently large to produce the required turn-on gate current (controlled by R1), SCR1 will turn on and charging of the battery will commence. At the start of charging, the low battery
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In the off state, the Zener is effectively an open circuit, maintaining SCR2 in the off state since the gate current is zero. 5/25/12
As charging continues, the battery voltage rises to a point where VR is sufficiently high to both turn on the 11.0V Zener and fire SCR2.
Once, SCR2 has fired, the short-circuit 5/25/12 representation for SCR2 will result in a
When this occurs, the battery is fully charged and the open circuit state of SCR1 will cut off the charging current. Thus, the regulator recharges the battery whenever the voltage drops and prevents overcharging when fully charged.
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Temperature Controller
SCR serves as a current amplifier in a loadswitching element. It is not an amplifier in the sense that it magnifies the current level of the thermostat. Rather it is advice whose higher current level is controlled by the behavior of the thermostats.
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Charging will only take place when the anode of D1 is more positive than its cathode. The dc level of the full-wave-rectified signal will ensure that the bulb is lit when the power is on.
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If the power should fail, the capacitor C1, will discharge through D1, R1 and R3, until the cathode of SCR1 is less positive than the anode. At the same time the junction of R2 and R3 will become positive and establish sufficient gate-to-cathode voltage to trigger the SCR.
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END
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References
http://www.circuitstoday.com/scrMuhammad
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