Journalism- Introduction

Journalism is the practice

of investigation and reporting of events, issues and trends to a broad audience. Though there are many variations of journalism, the ideal is to inform the intended audience. Along with covering organizations and institutions such as government and business, journalism also covers cultural aspects of society such as arts and entertainment.

History
The first newspapers were distributed in 17th century

England, twice-weekly. English newspaper which came in later was The Daily Courant. The first newspaper in the American colonies Benjamin Harris's Publick Occurrences both Foreighn and Domestick In 1833, Benjamin Day opened The Sun (New York) and created the "Penny Press." Day's papers, filled with sensational content and aimed at a working class audience, sold large amounts. During the Civil War, photography, allowing more accurate illustrations, and telegraphy, greatly increasing speed, were developed.

 In 1846, The Associated Press wire service was

formed 1851, George Jones (publisher) and Henry Raymond opened The New York Daily Times, later renamed The New York Times.

Types of Journalism
Advocacy Analytic Broadcast Citizen Civic Literary Muckraking Narrative "New Journalism Non-profit journalism

Collaborative
Community Database Gonzo Investigative Visual

Online
Opinion Peace Photojournalism Scientific Watchdog

Community Journalism
DITI PUJARA

 Community journalism is locally oriented,

professional news coverage that typically focuses on city neighbourhoods, individual suburbs or small towns, rather than metropolitan, state, national or world news.
If it covers wider topics, community journalism

concentrates on the effect they have on local readers. Community newspapers, often but not always publish weekly, and also tend to cover subjects larger news media do not. Some examples of topics are students on the honor roll at the local high school, school sports, crimes such as vandalism, zoning issues and other details of community life. Sometimes dismissed as "chicken dinner" stories, such "hyperlocal" coverage often plays a vital role in building and maintaining neighborhoods.

 Community journalism got its name from a Montana

editor, Ken Byerly, while he was a professor of journalism at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill 1957-71. Although the term is relatively new, Community journalism has been around since the founding fathers. He gave it its name because the concept had been referred to as Hometown Newspapers, which didnt fit the suburban newspapers in that time. He chose community journalism because it fit both the weeklies and small dailies of the day.

Purpose of Community Journalism

Community newspapers throw most of their weight behind

supplying local coverage and making national and international news stories relate by finding a significant local angle. They embrace their civil role by promoting the general welfare of the community. The finest community newspapers recognize and accept this covenant with their towns: that they are key stakeholders and players in the forces that help build and celebrate their communities.[3] Community journalism is a serious effort to return to the reputation journalism once had, and to restore the role of the press to its original purposethat is, to serve as a breeding place for ideas and opinions.[11] At their best, community newspapers affirm a sense of community through their publications. It emphasizes connectedness and "usness." It's covering school plays across four columns with pictures of the students large enough to see their faces. It's showing the community members that they, as individuals, matter.